Shanghai Prefabricated Concrete Houses
Shanghai's prefabricated concrete houses mainly include small-beam and thin-panel houses, prefabricated panel houses, and roofs with prefabricated panel拼接 (spliced) structures in some old residential areas.
Small-beam and Thin-panel Houses: Built from the 1950s to the 1970s, these were a batch of simply structured worker residences constructed in Shanghai to alleviate housing difficulties. They utilized prefabricated concrete "small beams" and "thin panels" to form the floor structure, with low floors, shared kitchens and bathrooms, and low seismic resistance levels. Due to their long construction history, these houses have numerous safety hazards and are currently undergoing renovation, with plans to basically complete the renovation by the end of 2025 and fully complete it by the end of 2027. The renovation aims to enhance the safety, living comfort, and overall quality of the houses to meet the living needs of modern residents.
Prefabricated Panel Houses: During the residential construction period of the 1980s, most houses built using prefabricated floor technology in Shanghai were of prefabricated panel structure. These houses were produced by manufacturing concrete prefabricated components in prefabrication plants and then transporting them to the construction site for assembly. They were the mainstream residential type at that time. The construction method of prefabricated panel houses improved construction efficiency, shortened the construction cycle, and alleviated housing shortages to a certain extent. However, with the continuous development of building technology and the increasing demand for living quality, as of June 7, 2023, these early prefabricated panel houses have begun to gradually withdraw from the market.
Roofs with Prefabricated Panel Spliced Structures: Some old residential areas in Shanghai, such as Phase I of Zhonghuan Jiayuan in Putuo District, adopt roofs with prefabricated panel spliced structures. These roofs are assembled from multiple prefabricated concrete panels, with splicing gaps, resulting in weak structural integrity and being prone to leakage problems. For such roofs, regular maintenance and repairs are usually required to prevent leakage and other issues, ensuring the normal life of residents.
