Images of Seismic-Resistant Prefabricated Panels

It is not possible to directly provide images of seismic-resistant prefabricated panels for houses, as traditional prefabricated panels have extremely weak seismic resistance, making it difficult to meet seismic requirements. Additionally, there is a lack of typical image materials for prefabricated panels that comply with 'seismic' standards.

Seismic Defects of Traditional Prefabricated Panels

Traditional prefabricated panels, such as hollow prefabricated panels, have significant shortcomings in seismic performance. Their original design purpose was not to withstand seismic forces but to meet the needs of early construction for rapid construction and cost control. The core issue lies in their poor structural integrity: The connections between prefabricated panels, as well as between prefabricated panels and walls or beams, are usually made using simple steel bar overlaps or mortar filling, lacking reliable mechanical anchoring or welding. This results in the easy failure of connection points under horizontal forces (such as the lateral vibrations of seismic waves) during earthquakes.

Failure Mechanisms During Earthquakes

When an earthquake occurs, the performance of traditional prefabricated panels can be summarized as 'instant disintegration':

• Connection Failure: The connection nodes between panels and between panels and walls separate first due to insufficient strength, causing the floor slab to lose support; - Loss of Integrity: Prefabricated panels bear forces independently and are unable to transfer seismic energy to the main structure (such as frame columns or shear walls), forming a fragile system where each panel acts on its own;
• Sudden Collapse: Unlike traditional cast-in-place structures (such as reinforced concrete monolithic pouring), prefabricated panels usually do not show obvious crack warnings or deformation buffers during earthquakes. Instead, they break and fall directly from the connection points, causing serious secondary disasters (such as people being trapped and escape routes being blocked).

Improvements to Prefabricated Panels in Modern Seismic-Resistant Structures

To enhance seismic performance, traditional prefabricated panels have been gradually phased out in modern construction, and the following technologies are now adopted:

• Prefabricated Integrated Structures: High-strength connectors (such as bolts and welding) are used to firmly connect prefabricated components (such as prefabricated wall panels and composite slabs) to the main structure, forming an integrated force-bearing system;
• Reinforcement with Cast-in-Place Layers: A certain thickness of reinforced concrete layer is poured on top of the prefabricated panels to enhance the collaborative working capacity between panels and between panels and beams;
• Seismic Isolation and Damping Technologies: Seismic isolation bearings, dampers, and other devices are installed at the foundation or between floors to reduce the intensity of seismic energy transferred to the building structure.

If you need to learn about images of prefabricated components with optimized seismic performance, you can refer to modern products such as 'composite slabs' and 'prefabricated shear walls' used in prefabricated buildings. However, it is important to understand the fundamental differences in connection methods and design concepts between these and traditional prefabricated panels.