Public Mobile Toilet Flush Tank

The flush tank (flushing system) of public mobile toilets mainly falls into three categories: manual flushing, automatic sensor flushing, and waterless/water-saving flushing. The design takes into account both functionality and water conservation, and attention should be paid to proper operation and maintenance.

I. Types and Characteristics of Flushing Systems

1. Manual Flushing

   • Foot-Pedal Flushing: This system triggers mechanical lever drainage by stepping on a pedal, avoiding hand contact and reducing the risk of cross-infection. Each flush uses approximately 3-6 liters of water, making it suitable for high-traffic scenarios. However, it requires firm stepping to ensure complete drainage.
   • Button Flushing: Pressing a button automatically releases water from the tank, with adjustable flush volumes (usually 4-8 liters per flush). It is easy to operate but requires regular inspection of button sensitivity to prevent drainage issues due to aging.

2. Automatic Sensor Flushing
   This system uses infrared sensors to detect when a user has left and automatically initiates flushing, commonly found in high-end mobile public toilets. It consumes less water (about 2-5 liters per flush) and requires no manual operation. However, the sensors need regular cleaning to avoid false triggers (e.g., flushing due to falling paper). If the sensor fails, an emergency button on the side can be used, or management personnel can be contacted.

3. Waterless or Water-Saving Flushing

   • Foam Sealing Flushing: This system generates foam using a foaming agent to cover waste, requiring only a small amount of water (about 0.1 liters per flush) to maintain foam stability. It is suitable for water-scarce areas but requires regular replenishment of the foaming agent.
   • Vacuum Suction Flushing: This system uses negative pressure to remove waste, consuming only 0.5-1 liters of water per flush, similar to the principle of airplane toilets. It offers significant water-saving benefits but has higher equipment costs and is mostly used in special scenarios (e.g., scenic spots, temporary events).

II. Design Features and Standards

The flushing systems of mobile public toilets are typically designed modularly with water tanks and sewage discharge interfaces for quick deployment and removal. Water-saving fixtures (such as sensor-based or low-pressure valves) use no more than 6 liters of water per flush, complying with the requirements of the Design Standard for Urban Public Toilets (CJJ 14-2016). In areas without municipal sewage networks, waste and flushing water are pre-treated in septic tanks or biological treatment modules before being transported by specialized vehicles to prevent environmental pollution.

III. Usage Precautions

• Ensure proper operation of manual flushing devices (e.g., step firmly on foot-pedal flushing) to avoid residual waste.
• In areas with low winter temperatures, anti-freeze systems may be installed, but regular inspection of water pipe insulation is necessary to prevent freezing and cracking.
• Avoid obstructing sensors in automatic sensor flushing systems and regularly test emergency functions to ensure normal operation in unexpected situations.