Prefabricated Whole House Construction

The construction of prefabricated whole houses adopts a modular building approach, completed through steps such as factory prefabrication, on-site assembly, precision control, connection reinforcement, foundation treatment, and post-construction processing. It offers advantages such as short construction periods, high precision, and controllable quality.

1. Factory Prefabrication
   Components such as ceilings, walls, floors, and water and electricity pipelines are prefabricated on factory assembly lines. For example, the CSCEC Hailong Intelligent Construction Industrial Park in Shenzhen, Guangdong, uses a three-dimensional factory and automated production lines to reduce construction periods by more than 60% through parallel operations. Multiple components can be produced simultaneously in the factory, reducing cross-interference during on-site construction. Additionally, component quality is less affected by environmental factors, ensuring higher stability.

2. On-Site Assembly
   After being transported to the construction site by vehicles, prefabricated modules are precisely assembled using equipment such as tower cranes. Taking a residential development in Shanghai as an example, each module is labeled with 'ID card' information (such as project name, model, and production date) to ensure accurate installation positions. The assembly process is similar to 'building with blocks,' but strict adherence to design drawings is required to avoid module misalignment or connection failures.

3. Precision Control
   Modular construction demands extremely high design precision, with each steel bar position requiring millimeter-level positioning. Some factories employ laser cutting and welding technologies to stabilize errors within the 1-2 millimeter range, reducing reliance on workers' operational skills. High-precision prefabrication ensures seamless connections between modules, enhancing the overall structural stability of the building.

4. Connection and Reinforcement
   Modules are fixed using materials such as nuts and foam sealant, with cement sealing applied at connections to prevent rust and corrosion. For example, gaps between beams and foundation piles are filled with foam sealant, and nuts are covered with a cement layer after fixation. Additionally, some structures use welding or bolt tightening methods to enhance connection strength, ensuring the building can withstand loads and environmental stresses.

5. Foundation Treatment
   Foundation construction includes steps such as site leveling, pad pouring, and foundation pile installation. In the construction of prefabricated houses in rural South Korea, a white plastic sheet is laid on the foundation pad to reduce water loss and enhance concrete strength; foundation piles are fixed using base plates and reinforced with threaded steel mesh. Foundation quality directly affects building safety, necessitating strict testing of bearing capacity and settlement.

6. Post-Construction Processing
   After assembly, all gaps must be grouted, floor slabs laid, and protective layers applied. Finally, concealed works (such as water and electricity pipelines and structural connections) are inspected. The building can only be delivered for use after passing inspection, ensuring compliance with design specifications and safety standards.