How to Insulate a Prefabricated Slab House

Thermal insulation for prefabricated slab houses can be achieved through roof insulation, indoor insulation, and standardized construction. The specific measures are as follows:

Roof Insulation

The roof is the main channel for heat transfer, and different materials should be selected based on usage requirements.

• Applying Thermal Insulation Aluminum Foil: If the roof does not require frequent access, thermal insulation aluminum foil can be laid on its surface. This material reduces heat absorption by reflecting infrared rays (accounting for about 53%) and visible light (accounting for about 44%) from solar radiation, thereby lowering the indoor temperature. Its construction is simple, requiring only the fixation of the aluminum foil layer, and it is cost-effective, suitable for scenarios with limited budgets.
• Using Insulating Foam Glass: If the roof needs to support personnel activities or equipment, insulating foam glass is recommended. This material is made from crushed glass through high-temperature foaming and possesses properties such as pressure resistance (compressive strength exceeding 0.5 MPa), water resistance (water absorption rate below 0.5%), and insect resistance. It also has a low thermal conductivity (about 0.062 W/m·K), effectively blocking heat transfer. During construction, attention should be paid to the flatness of the base layer, and specialized adhesive should be used for fixation. Its service life can exceed 20 years.

Indoor Insulation

Enhancing the thermal insulation performance through the ceiling layer can significantly improve the indoor thermal environment.

• Installing GWS Glass Wool: Fill the spaces between the ceiling joists with GWS glass wool (glass fiber wool). This material's porous internal structure blocks air convection and has a low thermal conductivity (about 0.032 W/m·K), providing excellent thermal insulation. Additionally, its surface can be covered with a decorative layer (such as gypsum board), combining aesthetics with practicality. During construction, protective equipment should be worn to avoid inhaling fibers.

Key Points for Thermal Insulation Construction

Standardized construction is crucial for ensuring thermal insulation effectiveness, and the following details should be noted:

• Material Preparation: Include gloves, protective clothing, masks (to prevent inhalation of fibers or dust), specialized cutting tools (such as utility knives), rulers, etc. If foam glass or glass wool is used, adhesive or fasteners should be prepared.
• Cutting Precision: When cutting thermal insulation materials, an extra 0.5-1 cm should be reserved based on the gap width to ensure tight embedding and prevent heat leakage due to thermal expansion and contraction or construction errors. For example, if the gap width is 10 cm, the material should be cut to 10.5-11 cm.
• Sealing Treatment: Heat-leaking areas such as the junctions between the roof and walls and the parts where pipes penetrate the walls should be filled with expanding foam or sealant to reduce thermal bridge effects.

By implementing these measures, prefabricated slab houses can effectively reduce indoor temperatures by 3-5°C in summer while minimizing heat loss in winter, enhancing living comfort and energy efficiency.