Prefabricated Shear Wall of House
The prefabricated shear wall of a house is a wall component prefabricated with steel bars and concrete as core materials, supplemented by embedded parts and connectors, featuring efficient construction and reliable connections.
Core Materials and Structural Characteristics
Prefabricated shear walls use steel bars and concrete as primary materials, formed into integral components through standardized factory production. Steel bars provide tensile strength, while concrete bears compressive forces, working together to enhance the wall's load-bearing capacity. Embedded parts (such as lifting rings and conduit sleeves) and connectors (such as grout sleeves and bolts) are used for component assembly and functional integration, ensuring construction convenience and structural safety.
Construction Advantages and Efficiency Improvements
The use of prefabricated components can significantly reduce on-site labor by 30%-80% and shorten the construction period by approximately 50%. For example, the Beijing Sanlihe No. 28 Building project utilized "intelligent construction—MiC technology" and a "fully prefabricated modular shear wall structural system" to complete the main structure封顶 in just 46 days, reducing the traditional construction period by more than 75%. This efficiency gain stems from the parallel operation mode of factory prefabrication and on-site assembly, reducing wet work and cross-construction interference.
Key Connection Technology: Grout Sleeve
The connection of prefabricated shear walls relies on grout sleeve technology: the steel bars of the upper component are inserted into the sleeves reserved in the lower component, and high-flow, micro-expanding, early-strength, and high-strength sleeve grout is injected under pressure. After hardening, the grout forms a firm bond with the steel bars and the inner wall of the sleeve, achieving a reliable connection. This technology requires strict control of the water-to-grout ratio and mixing time, and the use of specialized equipment for pressure grouting to ensure the grout fully fills narrow gaps.
Construction Quality Control Points
- Material Performance: Sleeve grout must meet characteristics such as high flowability (for easy injection), micro-expansion (to compensate for shrinkage), and early-strength and high-strength (for rapid load-bearing).
- Environmental Adaptation: Ambient temperature affects the strength development of the grout. For example, in northern winters, a low-temperature formula and the construction of an insulation shed are required to prevent poor hardening due to low temperatures.
- Operational Specifications: During construction, the water-to-grout ratio and mixing time must be monitored, specialized grouting equipment must be used, and pressure grouting must be uniform and without omissions.
Prefabricated shear walls, through industrial production and standardized connection technologies, balance structural safety and construction efficiency, representing an important direction for the development of modern building industrialization.
