Prefabricated Reinforced Concrete House Assembly

The assembly process of prefabricated reinforced concrete houses is divided into four stages: factory prefabrication, on-site construction, connection reinforcement, and acceptance inspection, offering advantages such as short construction periods, stable quality, and environmental protection and energy efficiency.

I. Factory-Prefabricated Components

The main structural components of the house (beams, slabs, walls, columns, etc.) are cast and formed in the factory using standardized molds. For example, prefabricated concrete houses use steel mesh to enhance tensile strength and embed connectors (such as bolts and metal plates) for subsequent assembly; prefabricated reinforced concrete floor slabs are designed to uniform specifications and are produced in prefabrication yards or factories before being transported to the site. Factory production reduces on-site wet work, ensures dimensional accuracy and durability of components, and minimizes the impact of human error on quality.

II. On-Site Foundation Construction and Component Hoisting

1. Foundation Construction: Similar to conventional house-building processes, foundation treatment must be completed first. For example, a pit approximately 1 meter deep is excavated on the residential site, a moisture-proof PE film is laid, and waste concrete is poured as the base. After solidification, guide steel plates are installed to position prefabricated concrete piles, ensuring foundation stability.
2. Component Transportation and Hoisting: After being transported to the site by specialized vehicles, prefabricated components are hoisted to designated positions using equipment such as cranes. For example, components of prefabricated concrete houses are assembled like "building blocks" using bolt connectors; when installing prefabricated floor slabs, support length requirements must be met (≥90 mm for walls and ≥60 mm for beams) to ensure structural safety.

III. Node Connection and Reinforcement

After positioning, components must be reliably connected to form an integral structure:

1. Connection Methods: Bolt fixation, welding, or reserved steel bar lapping are used. For example, connection points of prefabricated concrete house components are reinforced with metal plates and bolts; joint treatment of prefabricated floor slabs involves grouting with fine aggregate concrete or reinforcing with steel mesh according to joint width to prevent cracking.
2. Stability Assurance: Load transfer is achieved through node design to ensure that the house meets seismic and wind resistance requirements as per specifications.

IV. Subsequent Construction and Acceptance Inspection

After completing the main assembly, ancillary works such as exterior wall decoration and installation of water and electricity pipelines are carried out, followed by final quality acceptance inspection before delivery for use.

Advantages and Applications:

• Efficiency Improvement: The main assembly of a two-story prefabricated concrete house takes only about two weeks, with box-type prefabricated construction speeds increasing by 50%-70%.
• Quality Control: Factory standardized production reduces on-site errors, and component durability is superior to traditional cast-in-place processes.
• Environmental Benefits: Construction waste is reduced by over 70%, aligning with green building development trends.
  Typical cases include projects such as the Helsinki Central Library Oodi in Finland and the V&A Waterfront Parking Garage in Cape Town, South Africa. China's export volume of prefabricated houses has also continued to grow (e.g., a 38.1% year-on-year increase in exports of movable houses through Guangzhou Customs in the first four months of 2026).