Assessment of Dangerous Prefabricated Panel Houses

Whether a prefabricated panel house constitutes a dangerous building should be determined based on the assessment results of professional assessment agencies or relevant government departments, and not solely judged by the type of the house.

Criteria for Dangerous Building Assessment

According to the "Technical Guidelines for the Assessment of Dangerous Rural Houses (Trial)" and the "Standard for the Assessment of Dangerous Buildings" (JGJ 125 - 2016), dangerous buildings are classified into four grades: A, B, C, and D:

• Grade A: The structure meets the requirements for normal use, with no dangerous points identified, and the building structure is safe.
• Grade B: Individual structural components are assessed as dangerous, but they do not affect the safety of the main structure, and the building can basically meet the requirements for normal use.
• Grade C: The load-bearing capacity of some structural components cannot meet the requirements for normal use, and local hazards have emerged, such as large cracks in walls and obvious cracks in beams and columns.
• Grade D: The load-bearing capacity of the structural components can no longer meet the requirements for normal use, and the entire building is in danger, such as uneven settlement of the foundation and severe cracks in most load-bearing walls.

Assessment Process

The owner or user of the house needs to submit an assessment application to the local assessment agency and hold legal documents proving their relevant civil rights. After accepting the application, the assessment agency will conduct an initial investigation to understand the history and current status of the house; then carry out on-site inspections, tests, and record various damage data and conditions; followed by testing and calculations, and organize technical data; finally, conduct a comprehensive analysis, make a qualitative argument, make a comprehensive judgment, propose handling suggestions, and issue an assessment document.

Handling Methods for Dangerous Buildings of Different Grades

• Observation and Use: Suitable for buildings that can still be used for a short period after appropriate safety technical measures are taken, but require continued observation.
• Treatment and Use: Suitable for buildings where hazards can be eliminated after appropriate technical measures are taken.
• Cessation of Use: Suitable for buildings that have no repair value, are temporarily inconvenient to be demolished, and do not endanger adjacent buildings or affect the safety of others.
• Overall Demolition: Suitable for buildings that are entirely dangerous and have no repair value, requiring immediate demolition. For example, an old brick-concrete prefabricated panel building at No. 112 Nanhe Street, Daowai District, Harbin, was assessed as a Grade D dangerous building in 2023 and was directly demolished in July this year for reconstruction on the original site.