Prefabricated House Mezzanine
Prefabricated house mezzanines commonly adopt methods such as prefabricated steel structure systems, prefabricated cement slabs, and 'steel structure + prefabricated slabs'.
Prefabricated Steel Structure System
Taking a project involving the partial addition of a mezzanine on the third floor of a commercial complex as an example, the original building features a reinforced concrete frame structure. The added mezzanine is located in a specific area, with a floor area of approximately 280 square meters and a height of 3.2 meters. The design live load is 3.5 kN/square meter, and the dead load (including the self-weight of the structure) is 2.0 kN/square meter. This mezzanine utilizes a prefabricated steel structure system, with main components including H-shaped steel main beams, C-shaped steel secondary beams, composite floor slabs made of profiled steel sheets, and prefabricated steel stairs. The construction process is complex yet orderly. First, components are prefabricated to ensure precise dimensions and high-quality standards. Next, on-site measurement and marking are carried out to provide accurate positional references for subsequent installations. Then, reinforcement planting in the original structure and installation of embedded parts are performed to enhance the connection stability between the new mezzanine and the original structure. After that, the main beams are hoisted and fixed, followed by the installation and connection of secondary beams, forming the basic framework of the mezzanine. Subsequently, profiled steel sheets are laid, and steel bars are tied along with the pre-embedding of pipelines in preparation for concrete pouring. After the concrete pouring is completed, steel stairs are installed, and finally, anti-corrosion and fire-resistant coatings are applied. Upon passing the completion acceptance, the mezzanine can be put into use. This system offers advantages such as fast construction speed, high structural strength, and relatively light self-weight, making it suitable for the addition of mezzanines in buildings with specific load and space requirements.
Prefabricated Cement Slabs
Prefabricated cement slabs are mainly divided into solid and hollow types. During production, cement is poured into molds and allowed to cool and set. They are popular in rural areas because they are relatively sturdy, can reduce the use of steel bars during house construction, speed up the building process, and save on construction costs. They are commonly used as mezzanines between the first and second floors and can also be spliced together to serve as roofs. However, they have significant drawbacks. They are not earthquake-resistant and are prone to collapse and damage during earthquakes and other disasters. They are prone to cracking, leading to water leakage, which affects the normal use and durability of the house. They have poor sound insulation, reducing living comfort. Low-quality cement slabs have poor load-bearing capacity and may not be able to meet normal usage load requirements, posing safety hazards.
'Steel Structure + Prefabricated Slab' Mezzanine Approach
Currently, only safety performance evaluations involving different slabs have been mentioned, but the specific content has not been detailed. However, judging from the name, this approach combines the strength advantages of steel structures with the convenience of prefabricated slabs, likely having certain characteristics in terms of load-bearing capacity and construction efficiency. However, specific performance requires further research and analysis.
