Prefabricated House Floor Slab

The prefabrication of house floor slabs mainly involves prefabricated panels, which are introduced below in terms of definition, classification, dimensions, applications, characteristics, and development trends:

Definition and Production: Prefabricated panels were commonly used floor slabs in early 20th-century construction, classified as engineering modules or panels. The production process involves first nailing a hollow wooden mold, arranging steel bars within the hollow section, filling it with cement, allowing it to dry, and then removing the wooden mold to form the final prefabricated panel.

Classification: Prefabricated panels come in two types: solid and hollow. The hollow structure achieves lightweighting by reducing non-load-bearing concrete, maintaining structural strength while reducing material usage.

Dimensions:

• Span: The longest prefabricated panels for residential use are 4.2 meters; custom lengths are required beyond this.
• Width: Primarily 500mm and 600mm.
• Thickness: Common specifications are 120mm and 150mm.
• Length: Typically designed in 300mm modules, such as 3000mm, 3300mm, etc. The longest standard panel is 4200mm, with special sizes like 3800mm and 4000mm also available.
• Live Load Rating: General residential use involves Class I panels (1kN/m²) and Class II panels (2kN/m²), with the southwestern region mandating a minimum of Class IV panels (4kN/m²).

Applications: Prefabricated panels have a wide range of applications, such as covers for roadside ditches and roof insulation layers, and can also be used directly as floor slabs.

Characteristics:

• Advantages: High construction efficiency, shorter project durations, and reduced costs.
• Disadvantages: Weak earthquake resistance, poor sound and heat insulation, a lifespan of approximately 30-50 years, and insufficient structural integrity.

Development Trends: Prefabricated panel houses originated in the early 20th century, with most residential buildings constructed in China before 1985 using this structure. With advancements in construction technology, cast-in-place concrete and prefabricated buildings have gradually replaced traditional prefabricated panel houses. Since 2022, China has implemented renovation policies for old buildings, focusing on repairing and upgrading prefabricated panel houses and only demolishing those that meet hazardous building standards, with some regions already initiating demolition work.