Prefabricated Exterior Wall Panels for Buildings

Prefabricated exterior wall panels for buildings are made of reinforced concrete and are used as the exterior enclosure structure of buildings, suitable for exterior wall projects of concrete frame structures and steel structures, among others.

Main Types

• Classified by thermal insulation structure levels: There are single-leaf panels (single-layer panels), two-in-one panels (single-leaf panel + thermal insulation), and three-in-one panels (sandwich thermal insulation panels). Single-leaf panels have a simple structure with only one layer of wall panel; two-in-one panels add a thermal insulation layer on the basis of single-leaf panels; three-in-one panels, namely sandwich thermal insulation panels, offer better thermal insulation performance.
• Common types: These include prefabricated concrete external hanging wall panels composed of inner and outer leaf wall panels with a sandwich thermal insulation layer, as well as ultra-high-performance concrete exterior wall panels. Prefabricated concrete external hanging wall panels meet various functional requirements through the coordinated work of inner and outer leaf wall panels and the sandwich thermal insulation layer; ultra-high-performance concrete exterior wall panels have higher strength and durability.

Characteristics

• Functions: They mainly serve as enclosure and decoration, with functions such as thermal insulation, fire prevention, and heat insulation, effectively improving the comfort and safety of buildings.
• Structure: The typical structure consists of an inner leaf wall panel, an outer leaf wall panel, a sandwich thermal insulation layer, connectors, and a facing layer. All parts work together to ensure the overall performance of the wall panel.
• Material requirements: The concrete strength grade should not be lower than C30. Reinforcing bars should preferably be HRB400-grade steel or cold-drawn low-carbon steel wires. Reinforcement should preferably be double-layered and bidirectional, with a bar diameter of not less than 5mm and a spacing of not more than 200mm. Thermal insulation layer materials are divided into organic and inorganic types. The thermal conductivity of organic thermal insulation materials should not be greater than 0.04W/(m·k), and their combustion performance should not be lower than Class B2. Inorganic thermal insulation panels should meet Class A combustion performance requirements.
• Connection methods: The exterior wall panels are connected to the main structure using a point-supported flexible connection method. Connection nodes can be classified as load-bearing and non-load-bearing nodes. Specific connection methods include translational and rotational types, which can adapt to the deformation of the building structure.
• Waterproof design: It mainly relies on sealant materials (physical properties) and cavity structures (structural properties) to effectively prevent rainwater leakage.

Special Forms

Prefabricated thermal insulation wall panels are a special form of prefabricated exterior wall panels. The factory pre-fabricates a "sandwich wall" with a thermal insulation layer in the middle, a load-bearing structural layer on the inside, and thermal insulation materials such as rock wool or polystyrene boards stuffed in the middle. The outside has a decorative finish, and it is formed in one piece without the need for further decoration. It has advantages such as energy savings, fast construction, and high aesthetic appeal.

Installation Process

It includes steps such as floor cleaning, position verification, line setting, placing gaskets, pasting anti-leakage grout strips, hoisting, positioning, installing diagonal supports, and adjusting verticality.