Fracture of Prefabricated Slabs in Old Houses
The fracture of prefabricated slabs in old houses requires serious attention and scientific countermeasures, rather than simple repairs.
Prefabricated slab houses are assembled from prefabricated slabs and inherently have defects such as low structural strength, poor toughness, and lack of earthquake resistance. Over time, these houses are prone to issues like wall cracks and ceiling water leakage, with some old prefabricated slab houses even being classified as “dangerous buildings”. For example, in 2024, a prefabricated slab fracture incident occurred in Guanba Town, Zhong County, Chongqing, resulting in casualties and highlighting the severity of such problems.
When prefabricated slab fractures or cracks are detected, professional assessment is required to evaluate risks. Professional assessment involves a comprehensive analysis of the location, length, depth, direction, number, and progression of cracks, combined with an evaluation of the connection status of load-bearing walls, beams, slabs, columns, foundations, and structural components, as well as the overall deformation of the house. For instance, if cracks significantly lengthen or widen within six months, or are accompanied by phenomena such as jammed doors and windows, slab deformation, concrete spalling, or exposed steel bars, the risk level significantly increases, and immediate action is required.
Policy has clarified the direction of governance, requiring attention to renovation initiatives. In 2025, a central document proposed the implementation of a governance and renovation initiative for urban prefabricated slab houses. The “15th Five-Year Plan for Urban Renewal” in 2026 further mandated the establishment of records and dynamic updates for Grade C and D dangerous housing, as well as the “steady advancement of governance and renovation of prefabricated slab houses”. This indicates that the state has incorporated the governance of such houses into long-term planning, and residents should pay attention to local policies and promptly apply for assessment or renovation support.
Daily maintenance should avoid incorrect practices and prioritize safety. When cracks are detected, avoid simply covering them up with putty or latex paint, as such practices may delay risk response. If a house is classified as a dangerous building, it should be immediately vacated and personnel evacuated to prevent secondary disasters such as collapse. At the same time, professional agencies can be contacted for reinforcement or renovation to enhance the structural safety of the house.
