New Type Prefabricated Floor Slab for Houses
New type prefabricated floor slabs for houses mainly include prefabricated slabs for prefabricated panel houses, composite floor slabs, and prefabricated composite floor slabs, among other types. Additionally, there are various brands and specifications of products available on the market.
Prefabricated slabs for prefabricated panel houses: These are primarily factory-prefabricated cement components, available in both solid and hollow types. The hollow structure achieves lightweighting by reducing the non-load-bearing concrete. It originated in the early 20th century, and many residential buildings constructed in China before 1985 adopted this type of structure. However, existing prefabricated panel houses have numerous issues, such as weak earthquake resistance, making the building structure vulnerable to damage during earthquakes and other disasters; poor sound insulation and thermal insulation performance, affecting living comfort; and a relatively short service life of about 30-50 years.
Composite floor slabs: Formed by the superposition of a prefabricated slab and a cast-in-place reinforced concrete layer, they belong to the category of assembled monolithic floor slabs. They are suitable for high-rise buildings and large-span buildings, with common spans ranging from 4 to 6 meters and a maximum span of up to 9 meters. The prefabricated slab serves both as a structural component and a permanent formwork. Pipes can be laid within the cast-in-place layer, and expanded polystyrene boards can be filled to form a box-shaped cross-section, reducing self-weight while providing sound insulation. This type of floor slab has strong overall continuity, ensuring the stability of the building structure; saves formwork, reducing construction costs; and facilitates transportation and installation, improving construction efficiency. The assembly-type composite slab technology was applied in key projects such as the Beijing Changping Life Valley International Pharmaceutical Smart Manufacturing Park (Phase II), which commenced construction in March 2026, and the Quzhou Beihang Digital Economy Industrial Park project undertaken by Zhejiang No.1 Construction Group. During construction, it is necessary to ensure that the surface of the prefabricated slab is clean and moist, and the use of early-strength agents that can cause corrosion to the steel bars is prohibited.
Prefabricated composite floor slabs: The current prefabricated slabs are also known as composite floor slabs, consisting of upper and lower layers with a layer of truss steel bars laid at the bottom. They are first prefabricated in the factory and then transported to the construction site by crane for installation. During installation, a layer of bidirectional steel bars is laid on top, allowing for support-free installation and more efficient construction.
In addition, there are various brands of new prefabricated floor slabs on the market, such as Heyuda, Shangcheng, and Longjia New Materials. These slabs are mostly rectangular and plate-shaped, with compressive strengths ranging from 0.01 MPa, 1.8 MPa, to 3.5 MPa, among other specifications, meeting different construction needs.
