Mobile Toilet Renovation: Tile Wall Mounting

For mobile toilet renovation, tile wall mounting requires strict control over four aspects: tile treatment, wall treatment, material selection, and construction precautions to ensure construction quality.

1. Tile Treatment

When mounting floor tiles on walls, it is necessary to address the bonding issues caused by low water absorption rates. Common methods include:

• Applying Back Adhesive: Use a high-molecular polymer emulsion material to coat the back of the tiles, enhancing bonding strength. Before application, thoroughly clean the dust or mold release agents from the back of the tiles. After coating, allow them to dry until there is no liquid residue on the surface before laying them to avoid bonding failure due to dust isolation or uncured adhesive.
• Using Tile Adhesive: When using the thin-set method for construction, it is necessary to level and square the wall surface to ensure that the flatness error of the base layer is ≤3mm/2m. Tile adhesive should be mixed evenly according to the product instructions, and a toothed trowel should be used to control the thickness (usually 3-8mm) during application to avoid affecting bonding strength due to overly thick or thin adhesive layers.
• Hook Reinforcement: If the laying height exceeds 2.4 meters, metal hooks should be installed in grooves on the back of the tiles. After curing, apply back adhesive before laying. The spacing between hooks should be adjusted according to the tile size to ensure that each tile has at least two fixing points.
• Wet Hanging Technique: Attach copper wires to the back of the tiles and nail steel nails to the wall. Use cement mortar and copper wires for dual fixation to prevent tile detachment. The diameter of the copper wires should be ≥0.8mm, and the spacing between steel nails should be ≤500mm to ensure that the fixing system's load-bearing capacity meets the weight requirements of the tiles.

2. Wall Treatment

• Waterproof Layer Roughening: Use a special interface agent mixed with cement mortar to create a rough surface on the waterproof layer of the toilet wall, increasing surface roughness to enhance bonding strength. The thickness of the roughened layer should be controlled at 2-3mm, with a surface irregularity difference of ≥1mm.
• Base Layer Requirements: The wall surface should be flat, dry (with a moisture content of ≤8%), free of hollows or cracks, and meet the acceptance requirements for plastering work in the "Building Decoration and Renovation Engineering Quality Acceptance Standard" (GB 50210-2001).

3. Material Selection

• Preferentially use cementitious materials (high-strength bonding materials) for thin-set construction, with a bonding strength of ≥1.0MPa.
• Tile adhesive should be mixed strictly according to the specified ratio. Do not arbitrarily add water or cement, as this can lead to abnormal shrinkage rates of the adhesive layer, causing hollows or detachment.

4. Precautions

• The back adhesive should be applied evenly to avoid local hollows caused by missed application.
• The thin-set method for tile adhesive has high requirements for wall flatness. Use a 2m straightedge to check in advance, and level with cement mortar if the error exceeds the standard.
• The fixation of copper wires and steel nails in the wet hanging technique must be firm. After construction, check whether the copper wires are taut and whether the steel nails are fully embedded in the wall surface.