How to Reinforce Prefabricated Panel Houses

Reinforcing prefabricated panel houses can be achieved through various methods, and it is essential to select an appropriate plan based on the house's structure, degree of damage, and usage requirements, while strictly controlling construction quality and acceptance procedures.

1. Section Enlargement Reinforcement Method
   Form a composite structure by adding a reinforced concrete overlay (thickness ≥ 40mm) on the surface of the prefabricated panel to enhance the stiffness of the floor. If pouring at the bottom of the panel, roughening treatment and spray construction techniques are required to ensure tight bonding between the new and old concrete. This method is suitable for improving the overall load-bearing capacity of the floor but increases the structural dead weight.

2. Carbon Fiber Sheet Bonding Reinforcement Method
   Bond carbon fiber sheets along the span direction to the tension zone at the bottom of the panel, utilizing their high strength to improve the structural flexural capacity. This method offers the advantages of light weight and convenient construction, with minimal alteration to the original structure's appearance. However, it is crucial to ensure complete penetration of the structural adhesive and the absence of voids between the carbon fiber sheet and the panel surface.

3. Load Path Modification Reinforcement Method
   Add a beam-column system beneath the prefabricated panel to optimize the structural load path and reduce bending moments within the panel. For example, adding support columns or transverse beams at mid-span to disperse concentrated loads to the newly added structure, suitable for reinforcing floors with large spans or excessive loads.

4. Grouting and Steel Mesh Reinforcement Method

• Grouting Reinforcement: Inject cement-based grout into cracks in walls or foundations to fill voids and enhance overall integrity, improving seismic performance.
• Steel Mesh Reinforcement: Lay a steel mesh on the surface of walls or floors and spray concrete to form a composite structural layer, effectively inhibiting crack propagation, suitable for houses with insufficient seismic fortification.

5. Steel Plate Bonding Reinforcement Method
   Bond steel plates to cracks in walls or floors, transmitting stress through structural adhesive to enhance local load-bearing capacity. Attention should be paid to the anchorage length of the steel plates and rust prevention treatment, suitable for repairing structures with large crack widths or significant deformation.

6. Foundation Reinforcement and Support Enhancement

• Foundation Reinforcement: Increase the bearing capacity of the foundation by expanding the base area, deepening the foundation depth, or adding a steel mesh; incorporating reinforcing agents can improve soil mechanical properties.
• Adding Supports: Install steel supports or diagonal braces on walls or roofs to enhance lateral structural stability and prevent overturning deformation.

7. Replacement of Prefabricated Panels and Node Reinforcement
   Select high-strength prefabricated panels to replace original components and reinforce connection nodes by adding steel bars, welding steel plates, and other measures to eliminate weak links. After creating openings, perform internal force calculations and reinforce the surrounding area of the opening using carbon fiber sheet wrapping or adding hidden beams.

Construction and Acceptance Points:
During the reinforcement process, it is essential to strictly adhere to design specifications, such as controlling environmental humidity during carbon fiber sheet bonding and ensuring tight fitting between steel structural collars and the floor. After completion, ultrasonic testing, load testing, and other methods should be used to verify the reinforcement effect and ensure structural safety and reliability.