How to Build Prefabricated Concrete Houses

The construction of prefabricated concrete houses involves four stages: preparation, component production, on-site assembly and construction, and post-construction maintenance and management. Foundation treatment methods include compaction, soil replacement, or piling.

I. Construction Process

1. Preparation Stage
   Select a site by evaluating geological stability and the surrounding environment, avoiding unfavorable terrains such as soft soil and slopes. Design the house structure according to requirements, specifying the dimensions and connection methods of components like walls and floor slabs. Prepare materials such as cement, steel bars, molds, and connectors, while simultaneously completing safety training for construction personnel to ensure standardized operations.

2. Component Production
   Manufacture prefabricated components (such as wall modules) in a factory according to the design: pour concrete into molds, eliminate air bubbles through vibration, and smooth the surface; after solidification, remove the molds and cure the components (e.g., by spraying water to maintain moisture) and polish them to ensure dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness; test material strength, impermeability, and other indicators, and calibrate the module's levelness for easy subsequent assembly after meeting standards.

3. On-site Assembly and Construction
   Transport qualified components to the site and assemble them in sequence: use connecting fixtures (such as bolts or welding) to fix walls and floor slabs, forming an overall structure; install electrical distribution boxes, switches, sockets, water pipes, and other facilities to ensure reasonable layout of water and electricity lines; pour the foundation to form a solid base, check the flatness and perpendicularity of the main structure, adjust deviations within the allowable range; finally, inspect safety and stability, and put the house into use after passing the inspection.

4. Post-construction Maintenance and Management
   Regularly inspect the house structure (such as wall cracks and loose connectors) and ancillary equipment (such as aging water and electricity lines), and promptly repair problems; conduct settlement observations of the foundation every 2-3 years to avoid tilting due to soil loosening; keep the house clean and avoid contact between corrosive substances and component surfaces to extend the service life.

II. Foundation Treatment Methods

1. Compaction Method
   Repeatedly compact the soil layer with a pneumatic hammer or heavy-duty road roller to increase the soil density to the bearing capacity standard (e.g., ≥150 kPa), suitable for medium-hardness foundations such as clay and sandy soil.

2. Soil Replacement Method
   Excavate weak soil layers (such as silt and humus soil), backfill with high-density materials such as gravel and sand, and compact them. This method has higher costs but provides stable results, suitable for areas with poor geological conditions.

3. Piling Method
   Embed reinforced concrete piles (with a diameter ≥ 30 cm) into soft soil to enhance stability through the friction between the piles and the soil. This method is simple to operate but has limited bearing capacity and is mostly used for small prefabricated houses.