How to Build a Prefabricated Panel House Bungalow

The construction of a prefabricated panel house bungalow requires following the steps and key points below to ensure structural safety and functional integrity:

1. Foundation Construction

The foundation is the core of the house's stability. First, excavate the foundation to the designed depth, lay a 30cm-thick crushed stone bedding layer to enhance the foundation's bearing capacity, and then pour a 15cm plain concrete leveling layer to ensure a flat surface without water accumulation hazards. If the geological conditions are poor (such as soft soil or backfill), the foundation needs to be deepened or reinforced with pile foundations.

2. Prefabricated Panel Production

Prefabricated panels are hollow structures. To produce them, wooden planks are nailed together to form a mold, and steel bars (usually Φ6-Φ8 deformed steel bars) are arranged inside at the designed spacing to form a framework. Then, C20 or higher-strength cement is poured into the hollow part. After solidification, the wooden planks are knocked off to form the finished panel. Key Points: The steel bars must be firmly bound, and the cement must be vibrated densely to avoid voids. The curing period should be no less than 7 days.

3. Installation Sequence and Joint Treatment

When installing, lay the panels one by one from the four corners of the house towards the center, using a staggered joint (adjacent panel joints should be staggered by at least 30cm) to distribute the load. The gaps between the panels should be filled with C20 fine aggregate concrete. If a concrete protective layer (such as 5-8cm thick) needs to be poured on the prefabricated panels, a steel wire mesh should be laid in advance to prevent cracking. Note: Before installation, check the flatness of the panel surface. Adjustments are required if the deviation exceeds 5mm.

4. Waterproofing and Thermal Insulation Treatment

Roof waterproofing is a key focus:

• Process Selection: The "three-coating and two-laminating" process (i.e., three coats of waterproof paint + two layers of waterproof membrane) can be adopted, or SBS modified asphalt waterproof membrane can be directly laid, which has strong weather resistance and is convenient for construction.
• Detail Treatment: Nodes such as parapet walls and chimneys should be sealed with leak-stopping agents and provided with a flashing slope (≥2%) to guide drainage.
• Thermal Insulation Optimization: If the cost allows, a pitched roof can be built above the prefabricated panels or a cast-in-place slab can be poured, which not only enhances waterproofing but also improves thermal insulation performance.

5. Structural Safety and Applicability Limitations

• Load-Bearing Limitation: The load-bearing capacity of a single prefabricated panel is ≤200kg/㎡. It is prohibited to use it for heavy roofs (such as ceramic tiles or concrete tiles) or for adding a second floor. Otherwise, the structure needs to be redesigned.
• Seismic Requirements: In areas with a seismic fortification intensity of 7 degrees or above, steel structure reinforcement (such as adding ring beams and constructional columns) is required, or the cast-in-place slab system should be used instead.
• Functional Defects: The thermal insulation and waterproofing effects of the flat roof of a prefabricated panel house are relatively poor, and long-term use is prone to leakage. It is recommended to conduct regular inspections and maintenance or upgrade and renovate.

Summary: The construction of a prefabricated panel bungalow requires strict control over the foundation, production, installation, and waterproofing aspects. At the same time, its applicable scope and limitations should be clearly understood to avoid safety hazards caused by overloading or insufficient seismic resistance.