Requirements and Standards for Fire-Prevention Prefabricated Houses

The requirements and standards for fire-prevention prefabricated houses mainly include material selection, fire separation design, fire protection facilities, evacuation routes and exits, electrical wiring design, regulations on the use of building materials, as well as building planning and approval.

Material Selection: Non-combustible or fire-resistant materials should be used. For walls, materials with good fire resistance such as aerated concrete blocks and fire-resistant gypsum boards can be selected; for roofing, non-combustible materials like metal roofing panels can be used; doors and windows should be fire-resistant, capable of preventing the spread of fire and smoke for a certain period of time. This is the foundation of fire prevention, effectively slowing down the spread of fire.

Fire Separation Design: Fire compartments should be reasonably divided, and fire separation facilities such as firewalls and fire shutters should be installed. Firewalls should be constructed using non-combustible materials with a fire resistance rating not lower than the specified requirements; fire shutters should automatically descend in the event of a fire to serve as a separation. Meanwhile, pipes passing through firewalls and floor slabs should be sealed with fire-blocking materials to prevent the spread of fire through pipes and other parts.

Fire Protection Facilities: Install an automatic fire alarm system to promptly detect fires and issue alarms; set up an indoor fire hydrant system to provide water for firefighting; for larger or densely populated prefabricated houses, an automatic sprinkler system should also be equipped to automatically spray water and control fire development in the early stages of a fire. These facilities are crucial for timely firefighting and ensuring personnel safety in the event of a fire.

Evacuation Routes and Exits: Reasonably set up evacuation routes and exits. Evacuation routes should be kept unobstructed, with widths meeting design requirements; the number, locations, and markings of exits should be clear and explicit, facilitating easy identification and use by personnel. This ensures that personnel can evacuate quickly and safely in the event of a fire.

Electrical Wiring Design: Wires and cables should be made of flame-retardant materials and laid through pipes to avoid unauthorized connections and prevent electrical fires. Meanwhile, leakage protection devices and overload protection devices should be installed to ensure the safe operation of the electrical system and reduce the probability of electrical fires.

Regulations on the Use of Building Materials: The construction of prefabricated houses should use building materials that comply with national standards. In densely populated areas, the use of flammable foam sandwich panels for construction is strictly prohibited, and non-combustible or fire-resistant materials such as rock wool should be used instead.

Building Planning and Approval: The construction of prefabricated houses should comply with local land use planning and relevant laws and regulations. Before construction, applications for land use rights and building permits should be submitted to ensure the legality and standardization of the building.