Simple Emergency Mobile Toilet

A simple emergency mobile toilet is a facility that can be moved as a whole and set up in fixed or temporary locations to provide public toilet services.

I. Basic Components A simple emergency mobile toilet typically consists of core components such as a fecal sewage storage tank (or disposal unit), flooring, sanitary ware, walls, washing facilities, a water tank, a roof, and a mobile unit. Among them, the fecal treatment system is crucial. Water-flush toilets rely on water tank supplies, while non-water-flush toilets collect excreta through dry packing or suction methods. The mobile unit (such as universal wheels or towing structures) provides flexible deployment capabilities, enabling rapid response to temporary needs.

II. Classification by Structure and Mobility

1. Structural Forms: They are divided into single-unit structures and composite structures. Single-unit structures are mostly independent units suitable for small-scale use. Composite structures are composed of multiple modules, allowing for capacity expansion and are suitable for large-scale events or post-disaster reconstruction.
2. Mobility Methods: They include lifting and handling types and powered towing types. Lifting types rely on lifting equipment for overall hoisting and are suitable for long-term deployment at fixed points. Powered towing types are equipped with engines or can be connected to vehicles, enabling autonomous movement to different areas with higher flexibility.

III. Sewage Treatment Methods

1. Water-flush and Non-water-flush Suction Types: The former flushes with water supplied from a tank, and excreta enters the storage tank for regular pumping. The latter directly collects excreta without water, suitable for water-scarce environments.
2. Recirculating Water-flush Type: It uses biodegradation or chemical treatment technologies to purify sewage, enabling water resource recycling and reducing water consumption.
3. Dry Packing Type: It uses biodegradable bags to encapsulate excreta, eliminating the need for water flushing or sewage pipes. After treatment, it can be used as fertilizer, highlighting its environmental friendliness.

IV. Usage Scenarios and Operation Common models occupy approximately 1 square meter and are equipped with a squatting pan, a hand-washing faucet, and two control pedals: stepping on the first pedal triggers automatic flushing, and the second pedal controls the faucet's water flow. The door latch design features a status indicator function. When the latch is pulled, an external indicator light changes to 'Occupied' to prevent accidental entry.

V. Simple DIY Solution A mobile toilet can be made using a water storage tank and a pallet: Install universal wheels at the bottom of the pallet, secure the water storage tank, cut an opening, and then install a toilet, water pipes, a faucet, and a washbasin in sequence. This solution is cost-effective but requires ensuring tightness to prevent leakage, suitable for temporary emergency use.