Shanghai Prefabricated Assembled Housing

Shanghai's prefabricated assembled housing has made significant progress in policy promotion, technological upgrading, calculation rules, and implementation cases.

Policy Promotion: Shanghai has implemented index requirements for prefabricated buildings in new construction projects. For residential buildings, specific independent building units with non-residential functions and residential buildings with three floors or less are exempt. For public and industrial buildings, new projects with a total above-ground floor area exceeding 8,000 square meters must comply, although there are exceptions for administrative office and living service facilities in industrial buildings and specific projects. Except for specific scopes, the prefabrication rate of new building units should not be less than 40% or the assembly rate should not be less than 60%. Specific scopes, such as residential buildings over 100 meters in height and residential buildings of 18 meters or less and 6 floors or less, have different index requirements. Additionally, the "Shanghai Action Plan for Promoting High-Quality Development of the Construction Industry" requires the integration of prefabricated buildings with intelligent construction, mandating the use of relevant technologies for commercial residential land with subsidies provided.

Technological Upgrading: By the end of 2025, 30% of the production capacity of prefabricated component factories is expected to be intelligent, with automatic steel welding and concrete robot pouring becoming standard. Digital twin technology can also be used to identify design conflicts in advance. A complete set of national standards covers production to inspection, with concrete placement errors accurate to the millimeter level.

Calculation Rules: The scope of application covers various structural types and systems. In terms of special case calculations, when a single building is divided into different structural units by structural joints, there are different calculation methods and index requirements for each structural unit. Post-poured concrete in specific parts can be included in the calculation of prefabricated components. The calculation of the prefabrication rate of a single building can be done using the "volume proportion method" and the "weight coefficient method," with the "volume proportion method" formula specifying the calculation methods for various components and correction coefficients.

Implementation Cases: The Songjiang Sheshan resettlement housing project used fully prefabricated balconies to solve leakage problems. The North Bund super-tall building relied on a robot matrix for construction, halving the construction period. Shanghai's first prefabricated decorated talent apartment combined prefabricated decoration with prefabricated reinforced concrete, with concealed engineering water and electricity pipelines prefabricated within the modular prefabricated concrete.