Prefabricated Structural House Lifting

Prefabricated structural house lifting is the entire construction process of designing a building into individual components, prefabricating them separately, and then lifting and installing them at the designed locations using lifting machinery. The following provides an introduction from the perspectives of core equipment, process flow, lifting methods, tool technologies, and construction key points:

Core Equipment
The lifting process relies on a variety of specialized equipment. Among them, rigging, lifting gear, and multi-strand high-strength steel wires are key tools for bearing the lifting tension and must possess high strength and durability. Common lifting machinery includes tower cranes (suitable for high-rise buildings), derrick cranes (appropriate for overweight components), crawler cranes (highly maneuverable and suitable for complex terrains), and truck cranes (flexible and convenient for short-distance operations). The selection of equipment should be based on the size, weight, and installation location of the components to ensure that technical parameters such as lifting capacity and turning radius meet construction requirements.

Process Flow
The lifting process covers four core steps: binding, lifting, alignment, and securing. Binding should be selected according to the type of component, either straight binding (vertical lifting with uniform force distribution) or oblique binding (tilted lifting to adapt to spatial constraints). During the lifting phase, a trial lift is required to confirm the balance of the component. The alignment step involves adjusting the positional accuracy of the component using laser positioning or total stations. Securing is achieved through methods such as welding, bolt connection, or concrete pouring to ensure structural stability.

Lifting Methods

1. Single-Component Lifting: A combination of the piece-by-piece installation method (where the crane installs only one type of component per operation, with fewer changes in lifting gear and high operational repeatability) and the comprehensive installation method (where the crane sequentially lifts, aligns, and secures various types of components at the workstation before moving) is used, suitable for scenarios with diverse component types.
2. Decomposed Lifting: For major structures such as grid frames, components are prefabricated in sections and then assembled at height to address the lack of conditions for overall lifting.
3. Expanded Assembly: For structures with small individual components and a high volume of high-altitude work, components are assembled on the ground before lifting to reduce high-altitude work risks.
4. Overall Lifting: Multi-crane coordination or derrick lifting schemes are adopted, suitable for the one-time installation of extra-large structures such as grid frames.

Tool and Technology Optimization
Cross-lifting beams can disperse the force at the lifting points, preventing local deformation of the components. Pulley blocks reduce the load on the crane by changing the direction of the force. Before lifting, the bearing capacity of the foundation should be verified, and weak foundations should be reinforced using methods such as replacement cushioning to prevent crane overturning. For example, in the lifting of the Shaoshan President He's villa, through detailed processes such as truck component positioning and trial lift adjustments, combined with measures to avoid on-site electrical wire obstacles, construction safety was ensured.