Foundation of Prefabricated Panel House

The following methods can be used to improve the moisture resistance of the foundation and the overall structural safety of prefabricated panel houses:

I. Foundation Moisture Resistance Treatment

In rural self-built houses, a common method for moisture resistance in the foundation of prefabricated panel houses is to create a prefabricated panel elevated floor above the ground beam ring. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Ground Beam Pouring and Backfilling: After the ground beam ring is poured, the height of the backfilled soil should be controlled at 30-50 centimeters from the ground level, and the backfilled soil should be compacted.
2. Formation of the Elevated Floor: By leaving a cavity between the foundation and the first-floor ground, underground moisture rises into the cavity and naturally dissipates, preventing direct contact with the ground and thus reducing indoor humidity.

II. Overall Structural Safety Reinforcement Methods

Based on the structural characteristics of prefabricated panel houses, reinforcement should comprehensively address the roof, walls, floor slabs, and overall integrity, and corresponding measures should be selected based on professional safety assessment results (such as A-D grade classification):

1. Roof Reinforcement
   Pour a reinforced concrete 'composite layer' on the surface of the prefabricated panels. Through the tensile action of the steel mesh and the bonding force of the concrete, the originally independent prefabricated panels are connected into a whole, enhancing the roof's resistance to deformation and load-bearing capacity.

2. Wall Reinforcement
   Add 'reinforced concrete夹板 walls (double-skin walls)' on the inner and outer sides of the walls. Through the synergistic effect of the newly added concrete layer and the original wall, the load-bearing capacity of the wall is improved, especially suitable for cases where the wall is cracked or has insufficient load-bearing capacity.

3. Floor Slab Reinforcement
   For prefabricated panel floor slabs, the following methods can be used:

• Bottom Carbon Fiber Sheet Bonding: Utilize the high-strength characteristics of carbon fiber sheets, which are bonded to the bottom of the slab with structural adhesive to enhance the slab's flexural resistance.
• Bottom Steel Plate Bonding: Bond steel plates to the bottom of the slab, fixed with bolts or structural adhesive, to increase the slab's load-bearing capacity.
• Additional Steel Beam Support: Add steel beams below the floor slab to share the slab's load, suitable for areas with excessive local loads.
• Surface Composite Layer Reinforcement: Pour a fine aggregate concrete composite layer on the surface of the floor slab, reinforced with a steel mesh, forming a composite structure to enhance overall stiffness.

4. Overall Integrity Enhancement

• Slab Joint Treatment: Chisel grooves at the joints of the prefabricated panels, implant tie bars, and pour concrete to strengthen the connection between the panels.
• Slab End Reinforcement: Add angle steels or concrete edge beams at the ends of the panels to prevent cracking caused by stress concentration at the panel ends.
• Surface Monolithic Pouring Layer: Lay a steel mesh on the surface of the slab and pour fine aggregate concrete to form a floor structure with better overall integrity.

III. Precautions

Before reinforcement, a professional institution should be commissioned to conduct a safety assessment to clarify the damage grade of the house (e.g., a Class C dilapidated house requires immediate reinforcement) to avoid safety hazards caused by blind construction. Reinforcement materials and processes should comply with the requirements of the 'Code for Design of Reinforcement of Concrete Structures' to ensure construction quality.