Prefabricated Panel House Construction

A prefabricated panel house is a building constructed primarily using prefabricated cement components—prefabricated panels—produced in a factory. Below is a detailed introduction to the production process and relevant characteristics of prefabricated panels.

Production Process
The production of prefabricated panels involves multiple steps. First, workers form a mold using steel plates, tighten the screws, and apply a release agent to ensure smooth demolding later. Next, the first layer of steel reinforcement (distribution bars) is laid, which serves to distribute loads and enhance the overall structural integrity. Then, approximately 4 centimeters of concrete is poured as the base layer. After that, large foam panels with a thickness of up to 15 centimeters are placed inside, connected and fixed with iron hooks to form an internal thermal insulation layer or lightweight structure. Subsequently, a second layer of steel reinforcement is laid on the foam panels, and high-tensile steel strands (main reinforcement bars) are threaded through. Using the "pre-tensioning method," equipment is used to stretch the steel strands to their ultimate strength, enhancing the panel's crack resistance and load-bearing capacity through prestressing. Finally, a second layer of concrete is poured. After the concrete sets, a vibrating rod is used to remove air bubbles, ensuring a dense structure. The poured panels are then sent to a basement for 4 hours of steam curing, accelerating the concrete hydration reaction through a high-temperature, high-humidity environment, allowing it to harden quickly and reach the design strength. After curing, the prefabricated panels are lifted using a gantry crane, and excess steel bars are cut off with an angle grinder, completing the production of the prefabricated panels.

Types and Functions of Prefabricated Panels
Prefabricated panels come in two types: solid and hollow. Solid prefabricated panels have a uniform structure and are suitable for areas with high load-bearing requirements. Hollow prefabricated panels achieve lightweighting by reducing non-load-bearing concrete, with some featuring a hollow design where internal cavities can be used for laying cables, sewage pipes, etc., saving materials and facilitating pipeline layout. Additionally, the use of foam panels not only reduces the weight of the components but also improves thermal insulation performance, making them suitable for building scenarios with thermal insulation requirements.

Advantages of Prefabricated Panel Houses
Prefabricated panel houses are produced in a factory, resulting in components with high dimensional accuracy and stable quality, significantly shortening the on-site construction period. At the same time, prefabricated panels can be produced in advance, reducing on-site wet work and lowering construction noise and dust pollution, aligning with green building principles. Their modular design also facilitates later renovation and maintenance.