Prefabricated House Overall Installation
The overall installation of prefabricated houses typically adopts a modular construction model, achieving efficient construction through factory-prefabricated modules and on-site assembly. The specific installation methods and characteristics are as follows:
The core of modular installation for prefabricated houses lies in disassembling the building into independent modules. After completing the integrated manufacturing of structures, finishes, and equipment pipelines in the factory, these modules are transported to the site for precise assembly. The installation methods mainly fall into the following four categories:
Vertical stacking of box modules Suitable for buildings up to 12 stories high. In non-seismic areas, modules in buildings up to 5 stories high may not require additional connections, relying solely on the self-weight and friction of the components for stability. In seismic areas or for taller buildings, methods such as post-tensioning technology, cast-in-place continuous balconies or corridors, bolt connections, or casting structural columns are used to enhance overall integrity. For example, a public housing project in Shenzhen, Guangdong, utilized 6,028 concrete modules for assembly, employing post-tensioning technology to create an integrated load-bearing system between modules, ensuring seismic performance.
Interlocking stacking of box components By offsetting the stacking to avoid repetition on adjacent module sides, material utilization is improved, and costs are reduced. The applicable number of stories is the same as for vertical stacking of box modules, but stability is enhanced through interlocking designs between modules or local connectors. This method offers greater flexibility in spatial layout and is suitable for projects with high economic efficiency requirements.
Assembly of box components with prefabricated panels Combining the integrated advantages of box components with the flexibility of prefabricated panels, this method is suitable for rooms with complex equipment pipelines or heavy finishing workloads. For example, modules for bathrooms and kitchens can be prefabricated as a whole, reducing on-site wet work; walls and floors can use prefabricated panels connected by bolts or welding, shortening the construction period.
Assembly of box components with frame structures Modules are directly placed on frame beams and columns, with the frame bearing vertical loads and the modules serving only as enclosure or partition components. This method combines the seismic performance of frame structures with the efficiency of modular construction, making it suitable for high-rise buildings or scenarios with high structural safety requirements.
Key technologies in the installation process include module 'ID card' management (including project name, model, production date, etc.) and high-precision positioning (with errors controlled to the millimeter level),配合（这里“配合”原文可能是中文混入，英文中无需翻译此词，若需表达相关意思可补充如“working in conjunction with”） intelligent production lines to achieve rapid assembly. Taking the Shenzhen project as an example, modular construction shortened the project duration from 2.5-3 years to 1 year, reduced on-site labor by 50%, and significantly lowered noise and dust pollution, demonstrating the dual advantages of environmental protection and efficiency.
