Prefabricated House Assembly

Prefabricated house assembly is a construction method that involves the industrial production of building components and their on-site assembly, offering advantages such as shortened construction periods and reduced pollution.

Construction Process

Taking prefabricated residential buildings as an example, the construction process is carried out in stages. Foundation Construction Stage: Workers first unload heavy timber from trucks and build the house chassis frame on the pre-poured concrete foundation. They lay floor joists, position prefabricated beam components, and secure the joints with metal connectors. After ensuring the platform is stable, they cover it with large wooden panels to form a solid foundation. Wall Installation Stage: Once the foundation platform is complete, the prefabricated wall modules are moved onto the platform and erected. After precise alignment, they are fixed to the base plate with nail guns, transforming the house from a flat structure to a three-dimensional frame. Internal Structure Construction Stage: After the exterior wall frame is enclosed, the interior partition wall skeletons are cut and assembled indoors. Simultaneously, the floor beams for the second floor are laid to provide support for the upper space. Roof Construction Stage: The large triangular trusses are transported into position. Ground and roof workers cooperate to lift and precisely place them on the top beams of the walls, completing the main structure of the house.

Types and Characteristics

Prefabricated house assembly mainly falls into three categories: Panel Assembly uses prefabricated wall panels and floor slabs as core components, which can expand the usable area but have limited design flexibility. Box Assembly combines prefabricated functional units (such as kitchen and bathroom modules), increasing construction speed by 50%-70% but requiring higher transportation and lifting equipment. Modular Construction is a more integrated model where multiple functional modules are fully fitted out in the factory and then transported to the site for assembly.

Technological Development and Application

China's prefabricated concrete technology began in the 1950s and was initially applied to factory and residential construction. It regained popularity in the 21st century due to its production efficiency and environmental benefits. Companies like Vanke Group have developed prefabricated shear wall residential structural systems and applied prefabricated frame technology in engineering projects. In terms of policy support, regions like Fujian Province have established industrial bases, achieving a reduction of over 70% in construction waste. In market expansion, Chinese-made prefabricated houses are selling well overseas. According to customs data, in the first four months of 2026, the Guangzhou Customs District exported movable houses worth 1.4 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 38.1%, indicating international market recognition of prefabricated houses.