Prefabricated House Acceptance

During the acceptance of prefabricated houses, it is essential to focus on key acceptance nodes, common pitfalls, and inspection requirements for concrete prefabricated components. Details are as follows:

I. Core Nodes for Delivery Acceptance of Prefabricated Houses

1. Factory Acceptance: Inspect the integrity of the appearance, the flexibility of door and window operation, and basic functions (such as circuit continuity and drainage port patency) to prevent damage to components or missing functions that could affect subsequent installation.
2. Site Readiness Confirmation: Check in advance the degree of site hardening (e.g., whether the bearing capacity meets lifting requirements), road width (to ensure the passage of transport vehicles), and space at the lifting location to prevent construction delays due to site issues.
3. Water and Electricity Commissioning: Focus on testing lighting brightness, socket grounding reliability, drainage slope, and equipment operational stability (such as air conditioners and water heaters) to ensure normal living functions.
4. Waterproofing and Sealing Acceptance: Conduct a 24-hour closed water test in the bathroom to check for ground and wall leakage; verify the sealing of doors and windows through spray tests and inspect the integrity of the waterproof layer at roof joints.
5. Delivery Acceptance Documents: Verify acceptance criteria (such as national standards or contractual agreements), problem rectification timelines (e.g., general defects must be repaired within 3 days), and warranty instructions (clarifying the scope and duration of the warranty).

II. Special Inspections for Common Pitfalls During Acceptance

1. Bathroom: In addition to waterproofing, check the tight connection between the floor drain and the drainage pipe (to prevent odor backflow) by lighting a cigarette near the floor drain and observing whether the smoke is drawn in.
2. Door and Window Sealing: Use tissue paper to test air leakage near window seams and check for water seepage on window sills during rainy days; ensure that the joints between door frames and walls are sealed tightly with adhesive to prevent rain leakage.
3. Noise and Comfort: Test indoor noise levels after closing doors and windows (e.g., ≤45 decibels near busy traffic routes) and check for hollow sounds in floors or slabs (which affect walking comfort).

III. Inspection Requirements for Concrete Prefabricated Components

1. Performance Inspection of Flexural Components: Stairs, floor slabs with a span ≥3m, or beams with a span ≥4m must undergo inspection for load-bearing capacity, deflection, and crack width. The inspection can be conducted at the production plant or construction site, with one component inspected for every 1000 similar components (prioritizing components with the highest design load or the largest quantity).
2. Exempt Component Management: Components with a smaller span (e.g., stairs <3m) may be exempt from performance inspection but must be inspected through on-site supervision or physical inspection instead. On-site supervision requires recording the production process through a regulatory platform, while physical inspection requires a full check of reinforcement specifications, spacing, and concrete strength (e.g., using the rebound method to measure strength).
3. Key Points for On-Site Inspection: Ensure that reserved reinforcement matches the design drawings (e.g., diameter, quantity, and exposed length) and that the deviation in the thickness of the protective layer is controlled within ±5mm to avoid affecting structural safety.