Prefabricated Components for Prefabricated Houses

Prefabricated components for prefabricated houses are the core elements of pre-cast houses (prefabricated buildings), produced industrially and assembled on-site, featuring standardization, efficiency, and environmental friendliness.

I. Main Component Types and Characteristics

1. Panel-based Prefabrication: Centered around pre-cast wall and floor panels, forming a structural system through node connections. Its advantage lies in expanding indoor usable area, though design flexibility is limited, making it suitable for standardized residential or public buildings.
2. Box-based Prefabrication: Composed of pre-fabricated functional units (e.g., kitchen and bathroom modules), improving construction speed by 50%-70% compared to traditional methods. However, it requires higher transportation and lifting equipment, often used in temporary buildings or rapid construction projects.
3. Frame-based Prefabrication: Utilizes pre-cast beams, columns, and other structural components, combined with cast-in-place nodes to form an integrated structure. It combines the advantages of industrial production with structural flexibility, widely applied in high-rise residential and commercial buildings.
4. Modular Construction: Higher integration, such as the panel-structured pre-fabricated houses in Ningbo, Zhejiang, connected by mechanical bolts and featuring sandwich insulation technology, enabling full-cycle green construction, suitable for overseas exports or extreme climate regions.

II. Typical Examples of Prefabricated Components

• Pre-cast Stairs: Made of reinforced concrete, used as load-bearing components in housing and bridge projects. Factory production enhances precision and reduces on-site wet work.
• Prestressed Composite Slabs: High overall stiffness, suitable for floor slabs and other parts, enhancing structural performance through composite layers.
• Pre-cast Wall and Floor Panels: Core components of panel-based prefabricated buildings, connecting reinforcing bars through grout sleeves or welding to ensure structural integrity.
• Pre-cast Beams and Columns: Main load-bearing components of frame-based prefabricated buildings, requiring connection through grout sleeves, splicing, or welding to meet seismic and collapse resistance requirements.

III. Technical Advantages and Application Scenarios

1. Construction Efficiency: Rapid on-site installation, such as a project in Zhejiang completing the main structure assembly in 7 days, significantly shortening the construction period.
2. Environmental Benefits: Reduces material waste and construction debris, with a Fujian industrial base achieving over 70% debris reduction, aligning with sustainable development principles.
3. Quality Control: Factory production improves component precision, reduces on-site wet work, and lowers the risk of human error.
4. Application Cases: Vanke Group developed a prefabricated shear wall residential system, applied in projects like Nanjing Jindi Yufang; the Zhejiang Quzhou Comprehensive Bonded Zone project adopted the "dual-crane synchronous lifting" process, integrating full-cycle green construction concepts; in the first four months of 2026, the Guangzhou Customs District exported movable houses worth 1.4 billion yuan, a 38.1% year-on-year increase, indicating overseas market potential.

Prefabricated components for prefabricated houses drive the construction industry towards efficiency, environmental protection, and sustainability through standardized design, industrial production, and modular assembly, becoming a significant development direction in modern construction.