Demolition of Prefabricated Slab Houses in Jinchang City

The demolition of prefabricated slab houses in Jinchang City should be carried out in a standardized manner from five aspects: structural identification, safety protection, environmental protection treatment, process planning, and technical supervision to ensure safety and environmental compliance.

1. Structural Identification and Material Testing

Before demolition, the house structure should be clarified through drawing verification and on-site inspection:

• Load-bearing system: Confirm the locations of load-bearing components such as red brick walls, prefabricated slab floors, and beams and columns to avoid accidental demolition leading to collapse;
• Non-load-bearing parts: Determine the pre-embedded pipeline situations (such as water and electricity lines) within partition walls and decorative layers, mark them in advance, and cut off the supplies;
• Material testing: The wall coatings may contain heavy metals such as lead, and the insulation layers may contain mineral fibers (such as asbestos). Samples should be taken to analyze the components and determine harmless treatment methods (such as sealed packaging or professional degradation).

2. Safety Protection Measures

In view of the dry climate in Jinchang and the risk of demolition vibrations, the following protections should be implemented:

• Isolation of the work area: Set up physical barriers (such as fences) to prevent non-construction personnel from entering, and lay rubber shock-absorbing pads on the ground to reduce impact transmission;
• Personal protective equipment: Construction personnel should wear safety helmets and goggles, and choose N95 or higher-level respirators according to the type of dust;
• Dust control: Install spray dust suppression devices inside the barriers, avoid working in windy weather, and reduce dust diffusion.

3. Environmental Protection Treatment Requirements

Demolition materials should be classified for treatment to achieve resource utilization:

• Recyclable materials: Bricks, concrete blocks, and metal components should be sorted on-site to avoid mixed stacking; wooden doors and windows and gypsum boards should be stored separately for reuse;
• Hazardous materials: Paint debris and insulation cotton should be sealed and packaged, labeled with their components, and handed over to qualified institutions for treatment (such as solidification treatment or high-temperature incineration);
• Waste transportation: Use closed vehicles for transportation to prevent spillage and environmental pollution along the way.

4. Process Planning and Risk Preparation

The demolition sequence should follow the principle of "top-down and inside-out":

• Phased demolition: First, strip off auxiliary decorative parts (such as ceilings and tiles), and then deal with the main structure; clean up the site immediately after completing each area;
• Risk预案 (Risk预案 should be translated as Risk Preparedness Plan here): Preset unexpected situations such as wall cracking and pipeline damage, and prepare temporary support structures and water and electricity rapid blocking tools to ensure timely emergency response.

5. Technical Supervision and Acceptance

Key indicators should be monitored in real-time during the demolition process:

• Structural stability: Use vibration monitors to track the vibration data of the connection parts of the prefabricated slabs, and suspend operations when the standards are exceeded;
• Air quality: Use dust concentration meters to monitor PM10/PM2.5, and start spray dust suppression when the standards are exceeded;
• Phased acceptance: After the completion of each demolition phase, check whether the residual materials on the base layer are thoroughly cleaned up and whether the structural edges are flat and free of looseness. Only after passing the acceptance can the next process be carried out.