Prefabricated Floor Slab for First-Floor Houses

The prefabricated floor slab for first-floor houses is a concrete component prefabricated and processed in a factory, directly transported to the construction site for installation, and has specific structures, application scenarios, as well as advantages and disadvantages.

Structure and Manufacturing Process

When manufacturing prefabricated floor slabs, a hollow mold is first made using wooden planks. Reinforcing bars are then arranged in the hollow part of the mold, and cement is poured in. After drying, the wooden planks are knocked off to form the prefabricated slab. Its hollow structure achieves lightweighting by reducing the non-load-bearing concrete, but this design also results in weaker overall integrity. Modern buildings have gradually phased out hollow prefabricated slabs and adopted cast-in-place structures instead. Cast-in-place structures, by pouring concrete on-site as a whole, can significantly enhance the overall integrity and earthquake resistance of buildings.

Application Scenarios in Rural Self-Built Houses

In rural self-built houses, prefabricated slabs are commonly used for foundation moisture-proofing. Specifically, a prefabricated slab elevated layer is constructed on the ground ring beam, with a 30-50 cm cavity to block the rise of underground moisture, creating a moisture-proof effect of 'trading space for dryness'. During construction, the height of the backfilled soil needs to be controlled after the ground beam is poured. After compaction, the prefabricated slabs are laid to form the elevated layer, which effectively avoids indoor moisture problems.

Existing Problems and Policy Orientation

Existing prefabricated slab houses generally have problems such as weak earthquake resistance and poor sound and heat insulation, with a service life of about 30-50 years. Since 2022, China has implemented a renovation policy, focusing on repairing and renovating prefabricated slab houses and only demolishing buildings that meet the criteria for dangerous houses. This policy aims to balance building safety and resource utilization and avoid resource waste caused by large-scale demolitions.

Modern Alternative Technologies

Modern prefabricated buildings have adopted new technologies such as steel-concrete integrated pouring. The construction period is 30% shorter than traditional methods, and building quality can be better guaranteed. These new technologies, through factory production and on-site assembly, are gradually replacing traditional prefabricated slab structures and becoming the mainstream direction for future building development.