Datong Mobile Toilet Construction Design

The construction design of mobile toilets in Datong requires comprehensive planning from four aspects: project overview, material selection, structural design, and installation process to ensure functionality and safety.

Project Overview

The project covers two types of mobile toilets: temporary ones for construction sites and ecological ones for scenic spots. The construction-site type adopts a single-squat-position modular design with dimensions of 2.3m×1.8m×2.4m, equipped with basic toilet facilities, suitable for scenarios with short construction periods and high mobility. The scenic-spot type features a duplex structure, integrating shower functions and an ecological treatment system to meet the diverse needs of tourists in scenic areas. The construction sites cover the urban area of Datong City and surrounding scenic spots and construction sites. The delivery cycle for a single unit is 48 hours, and for bulk projects, 5 units are processed per day. Transportation and assembly sequences need to be planned in advance.

Material Selection Criteria

1. Main Structural Materials
   The frame system uses an 80×80mm galvanized square tube welded frame with a wall thickness of 3mm, which is hot-dip galvanized in accordance with the GB/T13912-2020 standard to ensure structural stability at -30°C. The connection nodes use M16 expansion bolts with a tensile strength of ≥400MPa. Among the enclosure materials, the exterior wall is a 16mm metal carved panel (aluminum-magnesium-manganese alloy surface layer + polyurethane foam core layer) with a thermal conductivity of ≤0.03W/(m·k). The interior wall is a 9mm bamboo fiber panel with a formaldehyde emission of ≤0.1mg/m³ (E0 standard). The roof adopts a three-layer composite structure of color steel plate + insulation cotton + waterproof membrane, with a slope of ≥5° for drainage. The floor system consists of an 18mm cement fiber board base layer + 5mm non-slip ceramic tiles, with the joints sealed with epoxy resin filler, achieving a waterproof rating of IPX4.

2. Functional Facility Materials
   The squat toilets are made of ceramic glazed material with a water absorption rate of ≤0.5% and a load-bearing capacity of ≥300kg. The washbasins are made of 1.2mm thick stainless steel 304, which has been treated for corrosion resistance. The exhaust system is made of ABS engineering plastic with an air volume of ≥8m³/h and a noise level of ≤55dB. The lighting equipment is equipped with 12W LED energy-saving lamps with a luminous efficacy of ≥80lm/w.

Structural Design Plan

1. Modular Construction
   The single-cabin unit adopts a "factory prefabrication + on-site assembly" mode. The main structure is welded and painted in the workshop and then transported to the site for hoisting and positioning. The cabin bottom is equipped with 4 adjustable load-bearing legs with a height adjustment range of ±100mm to adapt to uneven ground. The typhoon-resistant reinforcement system uses 4 hoisting rings on the top with a load-bearing capacity of ≥2t, which are fixed to the ground concrete anchor bolts with 10mm diameter steel wire ropes slanted and pulled, achieving a wind resistance rating of Level 12 (wind speed of 34m/s). The drainage design includes an invisible floor drainage ditch (slope of 2%), an S-shaped water trap for the washbasin, and a Φ75mm UPVC rainwater pipe, with a drainage capacity of ≥50mm/h.

2. Thermal Insulation Design
   The wall cavity is filled with foamed polyurethane with a density of ≥40kg/m³. The doors and windows use double-glazed units (5+9A+5mm) with a heat transfer coefficient K value of ≤2.8W/(m²·k). Winter anti-freezing measures include wrapping the water supply and drainage pipes with 30mm thick rubber-plastic insulation cotton; equipping a 1500W electric tracing system that automatically starts when the temperature is below 5°C; and installing a 300W anti-freezing heating rod in the toilet tank.

Installation and Construction Process

Preliminary site surveys are required, with a ground flatness error of ≤50mm within a 3m range and a foundation bearing capacity compaction degree of ≥90%, or 200mm thick C20 concrete reinforcement can be used. The construction sequence is as follows: foundation positioning → frame assembly → installation of enclosure materials → debugging of functional facilities → reinforcement of the typhoon-resistant and drainage systems → final acceptance, ensuring that each link complies with design specifications.