Fire Protection Code for Container Houses

The fire protection code for container houses is primarily based on their usage scenarios and functions, requiring compliance with fire-resistant material selection, fire-resistance ratings, fire protection facility configuration, and acceptance requirements, as detailed below:

1. Fire-Resistant Materials and Ratings

• Residential and Office Scenarios: Container houses and mobile dormitories must use Grade A rock wool fire-resistant panels to ensure personnel safety and meet fire inspection requirements. For example, a container market along a riverside in Shanghai was included as a legal business venue after using fire-retardant materials and passing fire inspections.
• Production Scenarios: Steel structure factories must apply fire-resistant coatings with corresponding fire-resistance limits according to industry standards, and the enclosure panels must match production attributes. For instance, in logistics buildings, single- and multi-story buildings with a Grade I fire-resistance rating that are fully protected by automatic sprinkler systems should have a fire-resistance limit of no less than 1.00 hours for roof load-bearing components.

2. Fire Protection Facility Configuration

• Detection and Alarm Systems: Smoke detectors, heat detectors, or very early aspirating smoke detection systems should be configured based on fire risks. For example, IT equipment compartments in container-based data centers use high-sensitivity detectors to provide early warnings during the smoldering stage of equipment.
• Fire Extinguishing Systems:
  • Gas Extinguishing: Suitable for precision equipment compartments (e.g., data centers), commonly using heptafluoropropane or perfluorohexanone systems with a design concentration of 8%-9%, leaving no residue after discharge.
  • Water-Based Extinguishing: Lithium battery compartments require reserved water fire protection interfaces, while diesel generator compartments use heptafluoropropane systems to extinguish flammable liquid fires.
  • Dry Powder Extinguishing: Refrigeration compartments are equipped with ultra-fine dry powder devices for rapid handling of electrical fires.

3. Fire Protection Acceptance Requirements

• Structural Safety and Fire Protection Requirements: Container houses must comply with the "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings", with each unit having a floor area not exceeding 300 square meters. For example, workers' dormitories in a residential area in Beijing were forcibly demolished after failing fire inspections due to the use of foam sandwich panels (non-Grade A materials).
• Planning Approval: If used as permanent buildings, they must be included in rural construction planning, with a height not exceeding 3.3 meters and no more than three stories. Temporary buildings (e.g., construction sheds) must be demolished after the end of their usage period.

4. Special Scenario Specifications

• Data Centers: Differentiated fire protection plans must be configured for each compartment, such as using hydrogen + CO composite gas detection in lithium battery compartments and laying cable-type linear heat-sensing cables in power distribution compartments with a positioning accuracy of 1 meter.
• Diesel Generator Compartments: Fire separation distances should be controlled with reference to Class C factory buildings, and the distance between the outer wall and adjacent buildings should comply with Article 3.4.1 of the "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings".