Design Specifications for Container Houses
The design specifications for container houses cover various aspects such as design standards, load calculations, and structural construction, as detailed below:
Design Standards and Load Calculations: Adhere strictly to the 'Unified Standard for Reliability Design of Engineering Structures' (GB 50153) to ensure that the structural importance coefficient meets the required standards within the design service life. Load calculations should comply with the 'Load Code for the Design of Building Structures' (GB 50009). When the service life is 25 years, the standard values for wind and snow loads can be taken based on a 50-year return period, but adjusted by multiplying by a coefficient of 0.9.
Structural Calculations and Construction: Structural calculations and construction must follow the 'Code for Design of Steel Structures' (GB 50017), the 'Technical Code for Cold-Formed Thin-Wall Steel Structures' (GB 50018), and the 'Code for Seismic Design of Buildings' (GB 50011). Container modular houses should adopt a regular layout to ensure that the lateral force-resisting components are symmetrically arranged in plan and that the lateral stiffness varies uniformly along the height.
Container Body Panels and Cantilever Arrangement: When opening holes in container body panels, alternate arrangements of non-holed and holed containers should be used. The length of cantilevered containers should not be excessive, and the cantilevered part should not have openings.
Structural System and Connection Nodes: The structural system should be reasonable to ensure strength and stiffness during use, transportation, and installation. Connection and node construction should facilitate easy installation. Non-load-bearing panels require strength verification and reinforcement, while load-bearing roofs require additional lightweight roof coverings.
Fire Prevention, Corrosion Protection, and Maintenance Standards: Design documents should specify detailed requirements and measures for fire prevention and corrosion protection. Existing containers should meet the maintenance standards outlined in the 'Technical Requirements for Repair of General Steel Containers' (GB/T 12418), ensuring that container beams and columns are intact and corner fittings are complete and reliably connected.
Steel Material and Corner Fitting Performance: The steel used in container body structures should comply with the provisions for welded weathering steel in the 'Weathering Steel' (GB/T 4171). Non-container body components should use steel that meets the 'Carbon Structural Steel' (GB/T 700) or 'Low-Alloy High-Strength Structural Steel' (GB/T 1591) standards. Corner fitting materials and performance should conform to the 'Series 1 Container Corner Fittings' (GB/T 1835), with design values for tensile, compressive, and flexural strength set at 180 N/mm² and shear strength at 105 N/mm².
Structural Modification, Reinforcement, and Thermal Insulation: Structural modifications require reinforcement around openings, typically using steel beam frames. When multiple containers are combined, rigid connections should be made at the joints using specialized corner fittings and high-strength bolts. For multi-story stacking, the top structure of the lower containers requires additional reinforcement. For thermal insulation, insulation layers can be added inside or outside the container body, commonly using materials such as rock wool boards and polyurethane foam, ensuring their fire resistance and environmental friendliness.
