Container House Construction Design

The construction design of container houses requires comprehensive consideration of structural selection, spatial planning, node treatment, and compliance requirements. The following explains in three aspects: design key points, construction process, and precautions:

I. Key Design Points

1. Structural Type Selection

   • Welded integral container: Factory-welded as a whole, with a direct load path (roof load → side wall columns → bottom beams → ground), strong resistance to deformation, and suitable for frequent lifting and moving scenarios.
   • Bolted assembled container: Assembled from standard panels using bolts. It is necessary to focus on checking the wall thickness of the columns and bottom beams (common specifications: 1.5-3 mm). The thicker the wall thickness, the greater the load-bearing redundancy, but the self-weight increases.

2. Spatial Combination Design

   • Modular assembly: Expand functional areas by assembling or staggered stacking 2-3 containers. For example, connecting two containers can create a single-story layout with an integrated living and dining room, two bedrooms, and a bathroom (approximately 100 square meters).
   • Vertical space utilization: Staggered stacking up and down can create rich layers. The ground floor can be reserved for a leisure courtyard or aisle area to improve ventilation and lighting.

3. Performance Optimization Design

   • Lighting: Install large floor-to-ceiling windows, roof skylights, or glass partitions to enhance indoor brightness.
   • Thermal insulation: Add internal insulation layers to walls/roofs and choose triple-glazed windows, which have better thermal insulation performance than brick walls.
   • Moisture prevention: Place the container on pile foundations to avoid direct contact with the ground, preventing moisture and insects.

II. Standardized Construction Process

1. Foundation Construction
   • Use concrete independent foundations to ensure foundation stability. For local two-story structures, strengthen the floor load design (e.g., a floor load of 30 kN/m² for the first floor).
2. Container Installation
   • After lifting into place, carry out structural connections. Focus on controlling the verticality deviation of multiple stacked containers. Node connections need to be earthquake-resistant and anti-loosening.
3. Waterproof Sealing
   • Use special sealants or waterproof membranes at the joints of roofs and walls to ensure the quality of waterproofing work.
4. Decoration
   • The exterior facade can be beautified through paint spraying, theme painting, or glass curtain walls. The interior can be decorated according to needs for walls, floors, and ceilings.

III. Key Precautions

1. Compliance Approval
   • For rural homesteads, follow local requirements to apply for house construction approval and provide structural drawings. Leased land can only be used as a temporary building, and the contract must specify the nature of use.
2. Material and Process Control
   • Strictly inspect the quality of materials such as steel, wall panels, and roof panels. During construction, follow standards such as the "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Steel Structures" (GB50205-2020).
3. Safety and Environmental Management
   • Set up safety warning signs at the construction site and regularly inspect lifting equipment. Control dust pollution and classify waste for disposal.