Introduction to Concrete Prefabricated Houses
Concrete prefabricated houses are a form of construction that involves industrial production of building components, which are then assembled on-site. They are also known as prefabricated assembled buildings or prefabricated concrete assembled houses.
Construction Methods and Procedures
The construction of concrete prefabricated houses is divided into two stages: factory prefabrication of components and on-site installation. The construction process covers design, manufacturing, transportation, installation, and decoration. Specifically, cranes and other transportation and construction machinery are used to combine and install the prefabricated concrete components produced in factories.
Main Types and Core Applications
The main types include panel-assembled, box-assembled, and frame-assembled structures. Their core applications involve components such as prefabricated floor slabs, beams, walls, and columns, such as composite floor slabs, prestressed composite beams, and sandwich insulated exterior walls.
Connection Technologies
Connection technologies are divided into wet and dry connections. Wet connections include methods such as sleeves and grout anchors; dry connections include pre-embedded connectors and prestressing. Among them, prestressing technology can enhance the seismic performance of the house.
Advantages and Characteristics
This technology offers significant advantages, including shortening construction periods. For example, a public housing project in Shenzhen, Guangdong, assembled from 6,028 concrete modules, reduced its completion and delivery time from 2.5 to 3 years to just 1 year. It also reduces costs, with on-site labor reduced by approximately 50%. Additionally, it minimizes construction waste, significantly lowering noise, dust, construction waste, and traffic congestion at the construction site, which are disruptive to local residents. The high quality assurance rate is due to the standardized production of components in factories. The convenience of construction allows for fast building speeds and minimal impact on the surrounding living and working environment.
Development History and Prospects
China built its first building component factory in 1955 and has recently achieved digital upgrades in its processes through the application of intelligent production lines. Modular construction, a form of concrete prefabricated housing, continues to develop overseas. According to market research firm predictions, the global modular construction market size will exceed $142.8 billion by 2030.
