Tongzhou Mobile Toilet Project
The Tongzhou Mobile Toilet Project covers multiple aspects such as site selection, design, sewage disposal, energy supply, user experience, and maintenance, and includes different types such as construction site mobile toilets and smart mobile public toilets.
Site Selection and Dynamic Adjustment: Configuration is based on the dynamic changes in population flow, with site selection determined through a combination of pedestrian heatmap analysis, public event schedules, and traffic hub passenger flow forecasts. For example, during large-scale park events, toilets are concentrated in the event area, and during rush hours, they are tilted towards subway station surroundings.
Structural Design: Modular assembly technology is adopted, with each unit containing independent modules such as frames, wall panels, sanitary ware, and sewage disposal systems. These modules are prefabricated in factories and then quickly assembled on-site, reducing the impact of construction on the surrounding environment and facilitating later adjustments or upgrades. Sealing materials are used at module connections to prevent leakage.
Sewage Disposal: There are mainly two technical paths. One type is equipped with a small septic tank that relies on microorganisms to decompose waste; the other type is connected to a vacuum suction system that sucks waste into a sealed tank, reducing odor diffusion. However, it requires professional vehicles for regular cleaning and transportation, and both methods avoid reliance on fixed sewer networks.
Energy Supply: Most facilities use a combination of solar photovoltaic panels and batteries for power supply, which is used for lighting, ventilation, and some electric devices. A few toilets in shaded areas use mains electricity access, which increases the complexity and cost of layout. The solar system enables the toilets to operate normally in areas without a power grid.
User Experience: The internal space is optimized through ergonomics, with reasonable layouts of facilities such as sinks, shelves, and handrails. Some new models include emergency call buttons and child-specific facilities, but wheelchair users may still need to look for fixed accessible toilets.
Maintenance Management: Regular daily cleaning, consumable replenishment, and equipment maintenance are required. Insufficient maintenance frequency can lead to situations such as a lack of toilet paper, depletion of hand sanitizer, or damaged facilities. Emergency plans need to be formulated for extreme weather conditions.
Construction Site Mobile Toilets: The core components include a box structure, internal facilities, and a disposal system. They have advantages in flexibility and temporariness, with construction costs and speeds superior to those of fixed public toilets, but their facilities and comfort are limited.
Smart Mobile Public Toilets: Several have been put into use and upgraded, and there are plans to renovate more mobile public toilets. Their exterior design is simple and modern, with a compact internal space layout. They introduce the 'smart micro-water flush' technology, which has a high water-saving rate and effectively prevents pipe blockages and winter freezing problems.
