How to Install Prefabricated Slabs in Rural Houses

The installation of prefabricated slabs in rural houses must strictly adhere to the following steps and specifications to ensure structural safety and durability:

1. Foundation Treatment and Construction Sequence
The foundation must meet load-bearing requirements, with at least a 30cm thick gravel bedding layer + a 15cm plain concrete leveling layer to ensure flatness and firmness. During installation, install the slabs one by one from the corners of the house towards the center, using a staggered joint method to avoid continuous joints that could weaken the structure.

2. Selection and Quality Control of Prefabricated Slabs
Choose prefabricated slabs produced by reputable large manufacturers, with materials meeting the following standards:

• Reinforcement should use prestressed steel bars, with concrete strength not lower than C30;
• The specifications and quantity of steel bars must comply with national standards, with no cracks, honeycombs, holes, or other defects on the surface;
• Require the manufacturer to provide a quality inspection report when purchasing to avoid using inferior products.

3. Placement Length and Direction Selection

• Placement Length: If the prefabricated slab is placed on a concrete member (such as a ring beam), the length should be not less than 80mm; when placed on a wall, the length should be not less than 100mm to ensure stable support.
• Direction Selection: Decide whether to place the slabs horizontally or vertically based on the house's span. Priority should be given to horizontal placement (in the direction of the smaller span), as horizontal slabs can withstand greater pressure and are safer in the event of foundation settlement.

4. Installation Gaps and Seam Treatment

• Installation Gaps: Leave a 20-40mm gap between two slabs. After installation, apply mortar at the bottom ends of the slabs and fill the holes at the ends of the slabs in the wall with concrete to prevent water leakage.
• Seam Treatment: After cleaning debris from the seams, pour cement mortar and vibrate it densely; if the seams are large, fill them with concrete and cure them. It is strictly prohibited to fill seams with bricks.

5. Roof Waterproofing and Structural Reinforcement

• Waterproofing Treatment: When using prefabricated slabs for the roof, an additional SBS modified asphalt waterproofing layer should be laid, and a layer of steel mesh should be placed above the prefabricated slabs, with 6-8mm thick crushed stone concrete poured to enhance water leakage resistance.
• Usage Restrictions: Do not arbitrarily cut holes or slots in the prefabricated floor slabs, and they are not suitable for use in wet areas such as kitchens and bathrooms to avoid damaging structural integrity.

6. Construction Details and Safety Specifications

• Before installation, check the flatness of the foundation to avoid uneven stress on the prefabricated slabs due to an uneven foundation;
• During construction, wear safety protective equipment to avoid the risk of falling from heights;
• After installation, conduct a structural inspection to ensure compliance with design requirements.