Robotic Arm Prefabricated Housing
Robotic arm prefabricated housing is a new type of housing form based on modular construction technology, achieving efficient construction through robotic arm automated production and on-site assembly. Its core lies in breaking down buildings into independent modules, completing standardized manufacturing in factories, and then transporting them to the site for rapid assembly. It has the following characteristics:
1. Factory Prefabrication and Full-Process Automation with Robotic Arms
In a factory environment, robotic arms participate in the full-process mechanized operations of building module manufacturing. For example, the CSCEC Hailong Intelligent Construction Industrial Park uses welding robotic arms and highly automated assembly stations to achieve precise control over processes such as steel bar binding, mold assembly, and concrete pouring. It can deliver 20,000 to 30,000 modules annually, with a single module production cycle of only 7 days and an error margin controlled within 2 millimeters. The E-MIC system of China Construction First Group (Group) Co., Ltd. further enhances factory prefabrication efficiency through digital design for pre-positioning pipeline layouts and housing unit combinations, with robotic arms assisting in standardized production.
2. Significantly Improved On-Site Assembly Efficiency
After being transported to the construction site, prefabricated modules are quickly hoisted using cranes in conjunction with intelligent positioning systems. For example, in a construction site in Qixian, Henan, the main structure of a 200㎡ three-story villa was installed in 4 hours, and a 100㎡ house took only 5 days from an empty lot to being ready for occupancy. A public housing project in Shenzhen, composed of 6,028 concrete modules, shortened its completion and delivery time from the traditional 2.5-3 years to 1 year, with a reduction in on-site labor of about 50%. This “building block” construction method significantly shortens the construction period and reduces labor costs.
3. Technological Advantages and High-Precision Control
Modular buildings adopt a full-frame shear wall structure with a reinforcement ratio of 1.2%, a wall thickness of 200mm, and a compressive strength of 30MPa, equivalent to being able to withstand 3,000 tons per square meter. Modules are connected using a double connection method of mortise and tenon plus bolts. In a simulated Wenchuan earthquake test, under a 9-degree intensity shake, the overall displacement was only 3cm, demonstrating excellent seismic performance. Zhan He, the executive dean of CSCEC Hailong Design Institute, pointed out that the position of each steel bar needs to control the error in millimeters to ensure assembly precision, which is difficult to achieve with traditional construction methods.
4. Wide Range of Application Scenarios and Industrial Support
This technology is applicable to urban renewal, old community renovation, public housing construction, and emergency projects (such as Shenzhen's construction of 300 isolation wards in 48 hours). Its development requires support from technological systems, production systems, and industrial clusters. Currently, the global market size is expected to exceed $142.8 billion by 2030, showing broad market prospects.
