What Are the Requirements for Prefabricated Houses?

The requirements for prefabricated houses vary depending on their types and application scenarios, mainly falling into two categories: 'three-panel' application projects in housing and urban construction, and cement prefabricated houses for self-built rural homes. The specific requirements are as follows:

Requirements for 'Three-Panel' Application Projects in Housing and Urban Construction

1. Adaptation of Structural Types:

   • For concrete-structured buildings, internal partition panels, prefabricated stair panels, and prefabricated composite floor panels must be used, with the encouragement of using prefabricated exterior wall panels as well. For steel-structured buildings, internal partition panels and prefabricated exterior wall panels are required.
   • Exterior walls should preferably use self-insulating panels such as prefabricated sandwich insulation wall panels to enhance building energy efficiency.

2. Mandatory Requirements for Prefabrication Ratios:

   • The total proportion of the 'three panels' (internal partition panels, stair panels, and composite floor panels) that must be used in a single building should not be less than 60%, ensuring that the prefabrication rate meets basic standards.

3. Extended Application of Component Parts:

   • Residential projects are encouraged to further adopt prefabricated balconies, sunshades, air conditioning panels, and other prefabricated components on the premise of meeting basic requirements, to increase the overall prefabrication rate and promote the development of building industrialization.

Standards for Cement Prefabricated Houses for Self-Built Rural Homes

1. Requirements for Foundations and Bases:

   • The foundation must have sufficient bearing capacity, with reinforcement measures (such as replacement or pile foundations) taken according to geological conditions. The depth of foundation embedding should comprehensively consider geology, groundwater level, and permafrost depth to ensure stability.
   • Materials such as cement and steel bars used must comply with national standards and design requirements, and the use of inferior materials is strictly prohibited.

2. Specifications for Main Structures:

   • The dimensions, reinforcement, and connection methods of structural components must meet seismic fortification requirements and relevant specifications to ensure structural safety. The production of cement prefabricated components should follow specifications to ensure dimensional accuracy, strength, and durability.
   • Connections between components must be firm and reliable, using methods such as welding, bolt connections, or reserved steel bar overlaps to meet the requirements for structural integrity.

3. Standards for Material Use:

   • Cement should be a quality-certified product, with strength grades, soundness, and other indicators meeting national standards. Auxiliary materials such as sand, gravel, and steel bars should also pass quality inspections to ensure consistency with design requirements.

4. Specifications for Construction and Acceptance:

   • The construction process should be reasonable, including foundation treatment, foundation construction, installation of prefabricated components, roofing, and waterproofing works, among others. Attention should be paid to details such as component joint sealing and waterproof layer laying.
   • After completion, a comprehensive quality acceptance should be conducted, covering structural safety and usability. If necessary, a third-party organization should be commissioned to conduct quality inspections to ensure that the house meets safety standards.