Prefabricated Shear Wall Building

Prefabricated shear wall buildings are a type of prefabricated construction that uses reinforced concrete prefabricated shear walls as the main load-bearing components. They are manufactured industrially and assembled on-site, featuring high efficiency, earthquake resistance, and environmental friendliness. They are widely applied in high-rise buildings and overseas markets.

Technical System and Structural Form

Prefabricated shear wall buildings take reinforced concrete shear walls as the core load-bearing structure, bearing vertical loads (such as the building's self-weight) and horizontal loads (such as wind and earthquake forces). They possess characteristics of high stiffness and excellent earthquake resistance, making them particularly suitable for high-rise buildings. Their prefabricated system is constructed using prefabricated wall panels, beams, columns, and other components connected with sleeve grouting, reducing on-site labor by 30%-80% and shortening the construction period by approximately 50%. For example, the Beijing Sanlihe Building No. 28 project adopted a fully prefabricated modular shear wall structure, with the main structure capped in just 46 days, a reduction of over 75% compared to traditional construction periods.

Construction Process and Key Technologies

The construction process includes prefabricated wall panel hoisting, joint filling, grouting, climbing frame installation, and aluminum formwork reinforcement. The first-floor installation requires solving the precise alignment problem between the cast-in-place wall reinforcement and the prefabricated wall reinforcement sleeves, achieving efficient construction through the following measures:

• Error Control: The sleeve fixing error is ≤3mm, ensuring precise component connection;
• Auxiliary Tools: Additional reinforcement positioning plates and the adoption of open stirrup designs simplify the installation process;
• Efficiency Improvement: After optimization, the first-floor wall panel installation can achieve a "second-installation" effect, significantly shortening the construction time.

Core Advantages and Application Cases

1. Efficiency and Environmental Protection: Box prefabrication technology enhances construction speed by 50%-70% through the combination of prefabricated functional units; the Fujian Industrial Base has achieved a reduction in construction waste of over 70% through policy support.
2. Market Expansion: China's prefabricated housing exports have grown significantly, with Guangzhou Customs reporting exports of movable houses worth 1.4 billion yuan in the first four months of 2026, a year-on-year increase of 38.1%, selling well overseas.

Design Principles and Layout Considerations

The layout of shear walls should follow the following principles to enhance structural stability:

• Position Selection: Prioritize placement at building corners, vertical traffic cores, and the farthest points from the structural stiffness center;
• Shape Optimization: Wall lengths should not exceed 8 meters, with simple forms like L-shapes and T-shapes preferred to avoid complex nodes;
• Earthquake Resistance Consideration: Enhance overall stiffness through reasonable layout to ensure structural safety under earthquake forces.

Prefabricated shear wall buildings, through industrial production and modular design, balance construction efficiency, structural safety, and environmental protection needs, representing an important direction in modern construction industrialization.