Prefabricated Panel House Assembly

Prefabricated panel houses are a form of construction where building components are industrially produced and assembled on-site, characterized by efficiency, environmental friendliness, and cost-effectiveness.

Component Production and Assembly

Components of prefabricated panel houses, such as walls, beams, floor slabs, columns, etc., are pre-fabricated in factories, covering both prefabricated concrete structures and steel structures. Some houses can even be entirely manufactured in workshops and transported to the site by flatbed trucks, ready for occupancy after connecting utilities, truly achieving “building like assembling blocks.”

Construction Advantages

1. Shortened Construction Period: By eliminating the need for on-site concrete mixing and waiting for cement to set, the construction period is significantly shortened compared to traditional methods. For example, a single floor can be completed in just 3 days, and the bathroom installation for a 20-story apartment building can finish ten floors in half a day. Overall, the construction period for prefabricated buildings is reduced by 30% compared to traditional methods, with it taking only 4 hours to hoist a house in Henan Province.
2. Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency: Industrial production reduces construction waste, with industrial bases in Fujian Province and other regions achieving over 70% waste reduction, aligning with the trend of green building development.
3. Lower Costs: In Henan Province, the cost per square meter is approximately 300 yuan, with a 200-square-meter rough house costing only 60,000 yuan, and even large villas can be budgeted within tens of thousands of yuan, demonstrating significant cost-effectiveness.
4. Reusability: Houses can be relocated as a whole, disassembled, transported to new locations, and reassembled, resulting in high resource utilization.

Seismic Performance and Types

1. Seismic Resistance: Prefabricated components with fewer connection points and strong overall structural integrity offer better seismic resistance than traditional buildings. However, precise alignment of components is required, with errors needing to be controlled within centimeters to prevent water and air leakage. The CMC composite module further enhances seismic resistance through integrated steel-concrete pouring.
2. Types and Forms:
   • Types: Include panel prefabrication (centered around wall panels and floor slabs), box prefabrication (combining prefabricated functional units, with construction speed increased by 50%-70%), and frame prefabrication.
   • Forms: Primarily steel structures (lightweight, suitable for high-rise buildings and overseas transportation) and concrete structures (close to traditional living experiences), with wooden structures being less commonly used.

Development and Applications

Prefabricated houses originated in the early 20th century, with most residential buildings in China before 1985 adopting this structure. Existing traditional prefabricated houses have issues such as weak seismic resistance, poor sound and heat insulation, and a lifespan of about 30-50 years, with some regions already initiating demolitions. However, new prefabricated houses (such as Henan cement prefabricated houses) adopt reinforced concrete structures, with a quality guarantee period of up to 70 years, capable of being built up to 5 stories, suitable for residential and office buildings. Additionally, China's prefabricated house exports have grown significantly, with export values at Guangzhou and Shenzhen ports increasing by 38.1% and 19.6% year-on-year in the first four months of 2026, respectively, indicating持续提升 overseas market recognition.