Prefabricated Housing Component Installation

The installation of prefabricated housing components follows specific sequences and connection methods based on different types of components and building forms.

For prefabricated concrete components in assembled buildings, structures typically consist of three parts: columns, wall panels, and beams. The installation sequence of prefabricated components differs from that of conventional construction:

• Prefabricated Column Installation: Columns are installed in the order of corner columns, side columns, and central columns, using axis lines and outer contour lines as control references. Side and corner columns should be aligned with the outer contour lines to ensure accurate positioning.
• Prefabricated Shear Wall Panel Installation: Adhere to the principle of installing exterior walls first, prioritizing panels connected to cast-in-place sections. Use both axis lines and contour lines for control, with exterior walls requiring dual control via axis and contour lines. If wall panels require compartmentalized grouting, use bedding mortar for compartmentalization. For multi-story shear walls using grouting materials, ensure even application with a thickness not exceeding 20mm to guarantee connection quality.
• Prefabricated Beam, Composite Slab, and Composite Beam Installation: Install main beams first, followed by secondary beams, adhering to a low-to-high sequence. After composite slab hoisting, verify the height difference and width of bottom seams. If the height difference is unsatisfactory, re-hoist and adjust using adjustable supports. Temporary supports should only be removed after the cast-in-place concrete reaches the design strength, ensuring structural safety.

For pre-cast housing, there are diverse installation methods for prefabricated components:

• Stacked Box Assembly: Suitable for buildings up to 12 stories, with boxes in non-seismic zones below 5 stories potentially requiring no connection measures, relying on component self-weight and friction for stability. In seismic zones or for taller structures, methods such as post-tensioning, cast-in-place balconies or corridors, bolt connections, or cast-in-place structural columns can be used to integrate the boxes.
• Interlaced and Stacked Box Components: This configuration avoids repetition of adjacent box sides, offering cost efficiency.
• Assembly of Box Components with Prefabricated Panels: This approach saves materials and allows flexible layout design, reducing on-site workload for rooms with extensive equipment piping and finishing requirements by using box components.
• Assembly of Box Components with Frame Structures: Box components can be directly placed on frame structures, simplifying installation.