Prefabricated House Wall Installation
The installation of prefabricated house walls mainly includes five key steps: lifting and positioning, support and fixation, grouting and sealing, joint treatment, and special structural measures.
Lifting and positioning is the first step in the installation process. Specialized transport vehicles are required to move the prefabricated walls to the site, and the component stacking area should be flat, hardened, and equipped with drainage. On the poured floor slab, mark the wall lines and 200-millimeter control lines, and on the prefabricated walls, mark the 500-millimeter horizontal control lines. Adjust the rebar and measure the elevation. When lifting vertical components, prevent the steel cables from exerting horizontal forces on the walls, and follow the sequence of lifting the exterior walls first and then the interior walls. After the walls have descended to a certain height, check whether the rebar aligns with the gaps in the walls to ensure accurate positioning.
In the support and fixation phase, use two 45-degree steel supports, with the support points set at half the height of the wall surface. Then, install T-shaped plates to prevent wall tilting. After the surveyor adjusts the wall's verticality, securely fix the supports and unhook them. For the installation of the first-floor prefabricated walls, it is necessary to add rebar positioning plates on the top of the cast-in-place walls to resolve any deviations in the rebar positions. Additionally, change the side closed stirrups to open stirrups to shorten the alignment time and improve installation efficiency.
Grouting and sealing are equally important tasks. The bottom of the prefabricated walls should be sealed with dry-hard mortar. During grouting, use specialized grouting material injected from the bottom, and stop when the mortar flows out from the upper holes. Attach 10-millimeter sponge strips inside the structural walls and 20-millimeter sponge strips inside the insulation layers. Use 30x30-millimeter grout-sealing sponge strips for joint sealing to prevent grout leakage and ensure the wall's airtightness.
For joint treatment, bind rebar between the walls, set up formwork, and pour concrete as per the design requirements to complete the construction of the joint areas. For assembled monolithic concrete shear wall systems, achieve structural integrity through grout sleeve connections to ensure the stability and load-bearing capacity of the walls.
In terms of special structural measures, prefabricated walls are reinforced concrete walls with rebar extending from the top and reserved rebar sleeves at the bottom. During installation, ensure that the rebar in the cast-in-place walls aligns precisely with the sleeves. For example, in the Phase III project of Shenyang Poly Haide Park, measuring the actual positions of the sleeves guided the pre-embedding of the rebar, significantly improving installation efficiency.
