Prefabricated House Safety Specifications

The safety specifications for prefabricated houses mainly cover four aspects: structural safety inspection, fire safety, building material usage, and building planning and approval.

Structural Safety Inspection:

1. Foundation and House Tilt: Inspect the ground around the house for any obvious signs of settlement, check for height differences between indoor and outdoor floors, and observe whether the bottom of the walls has diagonal cracks due to uneven foundation settlement. At the same time, visually assess from a certain distance whether the house as a whole is tilted or twisted.
2. Special Inspection of Core Components:
   • Prefabricated Floor Slabs: Check the ceiling for horizontal through-cracks or cracks at the joints, examine whether the middle of the floor slab is bending or sinking downward, and confirm whether the concrete at the positions where the ends of the prefabricated slabs rest on the walls is loose, crumbling, or if the steel bars are exposed and rusted.
   • Load-Bearing Walls: Focus on checking for vertical or diagonal cracks in the load-bearing walls or cracks and downward deformation of the lintels above door and window openings. Inspect the bottom of the ground-floor walls for weathering, peeling, or loosening of bricks or masonry. Confirm whether the house is equipped with ring beams and structural columns (the absence of these in brick-concrete prefabricated slab houses of three stories or more significantly reduces earthquake resistance and safety).
   • Node Connections: Check whether the support of the prefabricated slabs on the walls is firm (the support length should not be less than 80mm), and confirm whether there are separations or cracks at the corners and intersections of the walls.
3. Inspection of Unauthorized Renovations and Usage Environment: Verify whether there have been unauthorized alterations such as removing or modifying load-bearing walls, creating or enlarging door and window openings in load-bearing walls. Check for unauthorized additions of floors on the roof, the installation of mezzanines, or the stacking of heavy objects (such as large water tanks or heavy equipment) on the floor slabs. Confirm whether houses originally designed as residences have been converted into crowded business premises (such as restaurants, KTVs, or training classes).

Fire Safety: If prefabricated houses use flammable materials (such as polystyrene or polyurethane foam), they must strictly comply with Article 54 of the Fire Protection Law of the People's Republic of China. When fire rescue agencies discover fire hazards during supervision and inspection, they will notify the relevant units or individuals to eliminate the hazards immediately. If the hazards are not eliminated in a timely manner and may seriously threaten public safety, temporary sealing measures will be taken.

Building Material Usage: The construction of prefabricated houses should use building materials that comply with national standards. The use of flammable foam sandwich panels is strictly prohibited in crowded places, and non-flammable or difficult-to-burn materials such as rock wool must be used to ensure building safety.

Building Planning and Approval: The construction of prefabricated houses must comply with local land use planning and relevant laws and regulations. Before construction, applications for land use rights and building permits should be made to ensure the legality and standardization of the buildings.