Installation of Prefabricated Houses Without a Crane

Under conditions in rural areas with limited transportation and no crane, the installation of prefabricated houses can be achieved through specific design and construction plans, allowing assembly without the need for a crane. The specific methods are as follows:

1. Lightweight Materials and Modular Design
Lightweight materials such as aviation aluminum and high-density foam sandwich panels are used, reducing the house weight by over 60% compared to traditional concrete structures. Through modular design, the building is divided into standard components measuring 2-3 meters square. For example, the heavy steel villa components produced by Shijiazhuang Eiffel Steel Structure Co., Ltd. can be assembled using manual handling and simple tools (such as pulleys and levers). Modular design not only reduces the weight of individual components but also simplifies the installation process, reducing reliance on large equipment.

2. Segmented Transportation and On-Site Assembly
Components are transported to the site in segments, with each segment's weight controlled within the range that can be handled by human or small machinery (such as forklifts and manual hydraulic trolleys). On-site assembly is carried out using bolt connections or welding methods. For example, the assembly-type heavy steel housing project by Xingtai Aoyun New Building Materials Co., Ltd. features a simple connection method that requires only basic tools like wrenches. The segmented transportation and assembly model adapts to the narrow rural roads and limited transportation conditions while reducing installation difficulty.

3. Adjustable Feet and Hydraulic Devices
The house is equipped with adjustable feet at the bottom, and after landing, hydraulic devices (such as manual jacks) are used to adjust the levelness and perpendicularity. For example, the assembly-type guest rooms at a campsite use this technology, allowing transportation to occupancy in just 4 hours without the need for crane-assisted positioning. The flexibility of hydraulic devices is superior to that of cranes, especially suitable for sites with complex terrain or limited space.

4. Optimized Component Size and Weight
During the design phase, the building is broken down into multiple small components, with weight and size controlled through precise calculations. For example, in a school's assembly-type teaching building project, the maximum component weight was limited to within 5 tons, allowing conventional small cranes or manual labor to complete the lifting. For scenarios without cranes, component sizes can be further reduced to ensure complete reliance on human or simple machinery for handling.

5. Dry Construction Techniques
Node connection technologies (such as mortise-and-tenon and snap-fit connections) are used for rapid assembly, reducing the need for material lifting associated with wet operations (such as concrete pouring). For example, an assembly-type commercial building using dry construction techniques reduced large material lifting work by at least 70%. Dry construction not only simplifies the process but also avoids additional weight and transportation needs caused by wet operations, making it more suitable for environments without cranes.