Prefabricated House Foundation

The prefabricated house foundation involves multiple requirements in design, construction, supervision, and quality responsibility, and strict adherence to standards is necessary to ensure quality and safety.

Design Requirements

• Compliance in Survey and Design: According to the Construction Law and the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Quality, survey and design units must operate in accordance with mandatory engineering construction standards. Design documents must specify technical indicators such as the specifications, models, and performance of building materials and components to ensure compliance with national standards.
• Signature System for Design Documents: Registered architects and structural engineers must sign design documents and be responsible for their accuracy to avoid quality issues caused by design defects.

Construction Requirements

• Principle of Construction According to Drawings: Construction units must strictly follow design drawings and construction technical standards, and are prohibited from arbitrarily modifying designs or cutting corners. For example, during the construction of prefabricated foundations, the steel reinforcement framework must be precisely placed to ensure verticality, and a stable foundation must be formed through watering and stone filling for leveling.
• Safety Technical Measures: Construction organization designs must formulate safety measures tailored to the characteristics of the project, and specialized projects (such as deep excavations and high-formwork supports) require the preparation of special plans to ensure construction safety.

Supervision Requirements

Supervising engineers must conduct full supervision of the construction process through methods such as on-site supervision, inspections, and parallel testing to ensure compliance with design requirements and quality standards. For example, they should check whether the installation of prefabricated components is standardized and whether concrete pouring is dense.

Quality Responsibility and Supervision

• Responsible Entities: Construction, survey, design, construction, and supervision units are all responsible for project quality, forming a closed-loop management system where "the designer is responsible and the constructor bears responsibility."
• Supervision Mechanism: Project quality supervision institutions must conduct spot checks on the quality of project entities and the behavior of responsible entities, and supervise the completion acceptance, forming supervision reports and archives to ensure quality control.

Damp-Proofing Treatment for Rural Self-Built Houses

• Laying Damp-Proof Membranes: High-density polyethylene film is laid after foundation backfilling to block underground moisture. It is important to note that the backfill soil must be compacted and leveled to avoid sharp objects puncturing the film, and its effectiveness is limited in areas with high groundwater levels.
• Prefabricated Panel Suspended Floors: A 30-50 cm cavity is left between the foundation and the ground to dissipate moisture through air circulation. The height of the backfill soil must be controlled and compacted to prevent settlement from affecting structural stability.