Construction Technology for Exterior Walls of Prefabricated Houses

The construction technology for the exterior walls of prefabricated houses varies depending on the type of exterior wall components, primarily divided into two processes: prefabricated exterior wall cladding and prefabricated fair-faced concrete exterior wall cladding.

Construction Technology for Prefabricated Exterior Wall Cladding

1. Floor Cleaning: Before construction, verify the position of the prefabricated cladding and the relative elevation of the floor. If the error exceeds 5mm, grinding or repair treatment is required to ensure the flatness of the base layer meets the requirements.
2. Positioning and Layout: Snap the positioning edge lines and control lines of the prefabricated cladding on the floor slab to provide precise coordinates for subsequent hoisting.
3. Elevation Adjustment: Place elevation adjustment shims at the bottom of the prefabricated cladding, and control the installation height of the cladding by increasing or decreasing the thickness of the shims to ensure the elevation error is within the allowable range.
4. Leak-Proof Treatment: Adhere leak-proof adhesive strips at the joints with the cast-in-place structure to prevent concrete leakage during pouring and ensure the quality of component joints.
5. Hoisting and Positioning:
   • The tower crane slowly hoists the prefabricated cladding, pausing when the bottom rises to 50cm above the ground to check the hoisting equipment and component status, and continuing to lift after confirmation.
   • Pause again when the cladding is 50cm above the working layer, and construction personnel guide the component to control the falling direction and slowly descend it to the installation position.
6. Installing Supports:
   • First, install the lower inclined supports, adjust the inner and outer positions of the cladding, and complete the bottom positioning; after releasing the hoisting equipment, install the upper inclined supports to precisely adjust the verticality of the wall.
7. Subsequent Installation: Install other prefabricated components in sequence according to the design order to ensure the overall structural stability.

Construction Technology for Prefabricated Fair-Faced Concrete Exterior Wall Cladding

1. Technical Preparation: Before construction, familiarize yourself with the construction drawings and technical specifications, and clarify key parameters such as the positions of embedded parts and connection nodes.
2. Positioning and Installation of Embedded Parts:
   • Based on the wooden formwork support system of the main structure, use self-tapping screws and support angle steels to fix the embedded parts with the floor slab and beam side formworks as references, reducing the impact of concrete vibration on the embedded parts.
   • After the installation of the beam bottom embedded parts is completed, fix them to the bottom formwork with self-tapping screws; the embedded parts on the floor slab (beam top) need to be pre-spot-welded with support members and placed during the钢筋绑扎 (rebar tying) process.
3. Positioning and Layout: Snap the installation control lines of the cladding according to the design requirements to ensure accurate positioning of the components.
4. Hoisting and Positioning: Connect the cladding to the embedded parts of the main structure through top and bottom node connectors, and hoist the cladding to the installation position with the help of a bottom support steel bracket.
5. Precise Adjustment and Fixing:
   • Enlarge the holes of the connectors and add anti-slip sheets, adjust the movement through embedded bolts to make the connectors closely fit with the embedded parts of the main structure.
   • Use adjustable support bolts to fine-tune the elevation and panel joints, and coordinate with chain blocks and jacks to adjust the verticality, achieving precise six-directional (up, down, left, right, front, back) control.
6. Panel Joint Sealing Treatment: Use special sealant to seal the panel joints to ensure the exterior wall's waterproofing and thermal insulation performance meet the design requirements.