Prefabricated House Engineering Design Process

The prefabricated house engineering design process mainly includes five core steps: architectural scheme design, structural calculation and preliminary construction drawing design, prefabricated component detailed design, calculation analysis and optimization, and construction drawing integration and delivery. Details are as follows:

1. Complete architectural scheme design
Conduct overall project planning based on customer needs and architectural functional requirements, clarifying the architectural layout, space allocation, and usage functions. If the project requires high-end decoration, the decoration design should be completed in advance to ensure coordination between the architectural structure and the decoration scheme. This stage requires comprehensive consideration of architectural aesthetics, functional rationality, and subsequent construction feasibility to provide a basic framework for subsequent design.

2. Structural calculation and preliminary construction drawing design
Complete overall structural calculations according to the cast-in-place structural system, adjust parameters locally according to prefabricated requirements (such as the connection method of prefabricated components and load distribution), and draw preliminary construction drawings. The design must strictly adhere to standards such as the "Code for Design of Concrete Structures" (GB 50010), the "Code for Design of Steel Structures" (GB 50017), and the "Technical Specification for Prefabricated Concrete Structures" (JGJ 1) to ensure structural safety and compliance. Material selection must meet regulatory requirements, for example, steel bars should be of grade HRB400/HRB500, and concrete strength should not be lower than C30; connectors should be corrosion-resistant (such as hot-dip galvanized) to cope with complex loading conditions including dead loads, live loads, construction loads, and dynamic loads.

3. Prefabricated component detailed design
Conduct detailed design for prefabricated components, including component processing drawings, connection node drawings, reserved and embedded processing drawings, installation layout drawings, and insulation connector designs. The design must focus on key factors such as span, load, web member arrangement, and node strength: for example, the truss section size should be determined based on the span, and the floor slab should meet bidirectional load-bearing requirements; connection nodes should be verified through calculations for their load-bearing capacity to ensure the reliability of on-site assembly.

4. Calculation analysis and optimization
Verify the strength and stability of members through static analysis and set deflection limits (L/250 for floor slabs and L/400 for trusses, where L is the span). For complex nodes (such as beam-column connections and prefabricated component splices), finite element software can be used for simulation optimization to verify their load-bearing performance and adjust design parameters to avoid local stress concentration or excessive deformation.

5. Construction drawing integration and delivery
Complete the entire set of construction drawing designs, integrating architectural, structural, mechanical, and electrical professional design content. It is recommended to use BIM technology for collaborative design to ensure precise interfaces between various professions. The construction drawings should provide detailed dimensions, materials, and process requirements for factory prefabrication production, as well as installation sequences, connection methods, and quality acceptance standards for on-site assembly, ultimately forming executable delivery documents.