Illustration of the Prefabricated House Construction Process
The prefabricated house construction process can be illustrated in four main steps: component production, component transportation, on-site assembly, and connection treatment.
Component Production: This is the initial stage of prefabricated house construction, completed in a factory. According to design requirements, various building components are prefabricated, such as beams, slabs, walls, and columns. The production process is relatively complex, starting with steel mold fabrication to provide precise molds for subsequent component shaping. Next, steel bar tying is carried out, during which holes are reserved and lifting hooks are embedded for subsequent lifting operations. After that, concrete is poured evenly into the steel molds. Finally, demolding is performed to remove the shaped components from the steel molds. Quality control in this stage is crucial as it directly affects the performance of subsequent components and the overall quality of the house.
Component Transportation: After component production is completed, they need to be stacked neatly by category and then transported to the construction site. During transportation, it is essential to ensure the stability and safety of the components to prevent damage caused by collisions or bumps. At the same time, transportation time and volume should be reasonably arranged according to the actual situation and construction progress at the construction site to ensure that components arrive at the site in a timely and accurate manner.
On-site Assembly: Taking a prefabricated frame structure as an example, after the construction of the first floor is completed, the lifting of upper-floor components begins. Components such as columns, main beams, secondary beams, and floor slabs on the upper floor are lifted in sequence. The most technically demanding part of this stage is component lifting, which requires reasonable arrangement of stacking sites to optimize the lifting sequence, improve lifting efficiency, and reduce waiting time and secondary handling during the lifting process. Lifting should be carried out strictly in accordance with operating procedures to ensure that the verticality and levelness of the components meet the requirements.
Connection Treatment: After the prefabricated components are lifted, the steel bars at the connection parts need to be tied to enhance the connection strength between the components. Then, the pouring of nodes and the cast-in-place layer of beams and slabs are carried out to form a whole from the various prefabricated components, improving the structural stability and seismic performance of the house. During the pouring process, the quality of the concrete and the pouring process should be well controlled to ensure good bonding between the cast-in-place layer and the prefabricated components.
