Detailed Explanation of the Construction Process for Prefabricated Houses
The construction of prefabricated houses mainly consists of five steps: foundation treatment, installation of foundation piles and beams, backfilling of soil and foundation pouring, production of prefabricated components, and on-site assembly. The specific process is as follows:
Foundation Treatment: First, the foundation site needs to be leveled to ensure there are no significant undulations on the ground. Then, excavate foundation pits to a depth of approximately 60 centimeters. Lay white plastic sheeting at the bottom of the pits to prevent excessive water loss during subsequent concrete pouring, which could lead to cracking. After that, pour unreinforced concrete as a bedding layer to provide a stable foundation for subsequent structures.
Installation of Foundation Piles and Beams: After the concrete bedding layer has solidified, install the foundation plates. Use a drill to create holes at the corresponding positions on the foundation plates and securely fix them to the ground with expansion screws. Next, use a mobile crane to lift and install the prefabricated foundation piles. Each foundation pile weighs about 5 tons and has lifting holes at its four corners for easy lifting operations. The beams are installed using a mortise-and-tenon joint structure. Quick docking achieves initial positioning, followed by horizontal measurement and adjustment to ensure the beams are level, and finally secured with nuts. The gaps at the connections between the beams and foundation piles need to be filled with expanding foam and the nut fixation points sealed with cement to prevent water infiltration and rusting.
Backfilling of Soil and Foundation Pouring: After the installation of the foundation frame structure is completed, backfill soil around the foundation, fill it to the designed elevation, and compact it to enhance the overall stability of the foundation.
Production of Prefabricated Components: Fabricate steel molds according to detailed design drawings to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the components. The production of exterior wall panels adopts the reverse-casting process, which involves pre-laying tiles in the mold, then binding reinforcing bars and installing embedded parts (such as lifting eyes and reinforcing bar connectors), and finally pouring concrete. After the components are formed, accelerate concrete hardening through steam curing. After demolding, seal the gaps between the tiles and store them by number for easy subsequent assembly.
On-site Assembly: Transport the prefabricated components to the construction site and assemble components such as stairs and floor slabs sequentially using lifting equipment. During the assembly process, ensure precise docking of the components. Finally, perform grouting on all gaps to enhance the overall structural integrity and waterproof performance. Some prefabricated houses (such as foldable ones) can have interior decoration and system integration completed in the factory, and only need to unfold the structure and connect to utilities on-site for immediate use, significantly shortening the construction period.
