Prefabricated House Construction

Prefabricated house construction involves the industrial production of building components, which are then assembled on-site. The main types include panel assembly, box assembly, and frame assembly.

Construction Process

1. Factory Prefabrication: The building is broken down into independent modules, which are manufactured in a factory. This includes components such as beams, slabs, walls, and columns, with ceilings, floors, and water and electricity pipelines all prefabricated. Some factories employ parallel operations, automated three-dimensional warehouses, and intelligent production lines, reducing construction periods by over 60% compared to traditional buildings. For example, the CSCEC Hailong Intelligent Construction Industrial Park can deliver 20,000 to 30,000 modules annually.
2. On-site Assembly: The prefabricated components are transported to the construction site and assembled. Taking the construction of prefabricated houses in rural South Korea as an example, the first step involves leveling the foundation and pouring a cushion layer, clearing weeds, leveling the ground, excavating foundation pits, and measuring for accuracy. After excavating about 60 centimeters, a white plastic sheet is laid, and the foundation is poured using a concrete pump truck, without using steel bars. The second step involves installing foundation piles and assembling beams. After the concrete sets, anchor plates are installed, holes are drilled with a drill, and expansion screws are used for fixation. A mobile crane is then used to install foundation piles weighing about 5 tons. After that, beams are installed like building blocks, leveled and adjusted, and fixed with nuts. The gaps are filled with foam, and the nut fixation points are sealed with cement. The third step involves backfilling soil and pouring the foundation. After completing the foundation frame structure, soil is backfilled. At a construction site in Shanghai, tower cranes transport the prefabricated 'building blocks' and install them in the appropriate positions. Each 'block' has a detailed 'ID card', including the project name, product model, and production date.

Advantages and Requirements

Prefabricated house construction offers advantages such as short construction periods, reduced pollution, controllable quality, energy efficiency, environmental protection, and ease of maintenance. However, it places extremely high demands on the industrial base, requiring support from technical systems, production systems, and industrial clusters. Only with a complete industrial base can the smooth progress and high-quality completion of prefabricated house construction be ensured.